{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,19]],"date-time":"2026-07-19T01:54:31Z","timestamp":1784426071468,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,25]],"date-time":"2021-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614211200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":55,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["51739003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51739003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["51909173"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51909173"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009012","name":"Hohai University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["B200201058"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B200201058"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009012","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Complexity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A dam is a complex and important water\u2010retaining structure. Once the dam is broken, the flood will cause immeasurable damage to the lives and properties of the downstream people, so it is particularly important to have the dam risk management. Since the dam\u2010break flood is a severe\u2010consequence low\u2010frequency event, the corresponding fatalities caused by it are difficult to estimate due to the lack of relevant data and poor data continuity. This paper analyzes the direct and indirect factors affecting the risk of life loss in dam failures and studies the characteristics, distribution rules, and membership functions of each factor. An adaptive differential evolution method is constructed through an optimization of the mutation factors and cross factors of the differential evolution method. This proposed evaluation method also combines with the fuzzy clustering iterative method that is capable of evaluating the similarity of life loss in dam accidents. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by 16 dam\u2010break case studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/7093256","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,25]],"date-time":"2021-02-25T20:35:54Z","timestamp":1614285354000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["A Fuzzy Clustering Logic Life Loss Risk Evaluation Model for Dam\u2010Break Floods"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"given":"Yantao","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinqiang","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0782-7196","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chongshi","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4992-9972","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bo","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lixian","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_2","first-page":"13","article-title":"Collection of typical cases of dam failures and accidents at hydropower stations","volume":"1","author":"Zhang X.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dam and Safety"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1360\/n092016-00295"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Achievement of reservoir dam safety management in China and challenges","volume":"20","author":"Sun J.","year":"2018","journal-title":"China Water Resources"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/geosciences9010037"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1360\/n092018-00283"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_2","first-page":"589","article-title":"Strategic consideration of dam safety management and risk management in China","volume":"26","author":"Li Z.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Advances in Water Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_2","volume-title":"Study on Operation Safety Risk Analysis Method of Dam","author":"Yan L.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_2","unstructured":"RichardB.andWaiteR. E. Evaluation for a series ofutah power and light hydropower dams including risk assessment: the owner perspective Proceedings of the 6th ASDSO Annual Conference October 1989 Albuquerque NewMexico Association of State Dam Safety Official 1\u20135."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_2","volume-title":"Guidelines on Assessment of the Consequence of Dam Failure","author":"ANCOLD","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1539-6924.1993.tb01069.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2016.01.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/2318-0331.231820170074"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-1688.1988.tb03051.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_2","first-page":"23","article-title":"Estimating dam breach flood survival probabilities","volume":"107","author":"Assaf H.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ancold Bulletin"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1539-6924.1993.tb01069.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1360\/n092018-00277"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"A procedure for estimating loss of life caused by dam failure","volume":"6","author":"Graham W. J.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Sedimentation & River Hydraulics"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_2","unstructured":"McClellandM.andBowlesD. S. Towards improved life loss estimation methods: lessons from case histories Proceedings of the Rescdam Seminar October 2000 Sein\u00e4joki Finland."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_2","volume-title":"Loss of Life Caused by Dam Failure: the RESCDAM LOL Method and its Application to Kyrkosjarvi Dam in Seinajoki","author":"Reiter P.","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4020-5741-0_25"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11069-008-9227-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ress.2010.06.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_2","first-page":"145","article-title":"Evaluation model of loss of life due to dam breach in China","volume":"7","author":"Zhou K.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Safety and Environment"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_2","first-page":"618","article-title":"Application of tolerance risk analysis method in decision-making of flood prevention","volume":"36","author":"Fan Z.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Hydraulic Engineering"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_2","first-page":"628","article-title":"Discussion on analysis method for risk of life loss caused by dam failure in China","volume":"36","author":"Song J.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Hohai University (Natural Sciences)"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12209-010-1470-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11069-012-0275-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11069-012-0336-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/w11112224"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_2","first-page":"25","article-title":"Life loss estimation based on fuzzy matter-element and exponential smoothing method","volume":"26","author":"Wang Z.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Yangtze River Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_2","first-page":"46","article-title":"Fuzzy prediction model of life loss in dam break based on fuzzy matter-element analysis","volume":"29","author":"Wang S.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hydropower Energy Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_2","first-page":"82","article-title":"Prediction of dam break life loss based on variable fuzzy clustering iterative model","volume":"215","author":"Wang J.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hydropower Energy Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/w11071359"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_2","first-page":"881","article-title":"Fuzzy clustering generation selection model based on variable fuzzy sets and its application","volume":"48","author":"Chen S.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Dalian University of Technology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_2","first-page":"618","article-title":"Variable fuzzy set theory--double discussion on mathematical and logic errors in extenics","volume":"47","author":"Chen S.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Dalian University of Technology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Study on evaluation model of dam break consequence severity","volume":"6","author":"Li L.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Safety and Environment"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-58895-7_14"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_2","unstructured":"WangT. Study on the risk analysis of dam safety emergency management region and the methods of losses assessment 2010 Changjiang River Scientific Research Institue Wuhan China Master thesis."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1198\/016214504000001196"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_2","unstructured":"WahlT. L. Prediction of Embankment dam breach parameters: a literature review and needs assessment 1998 USBR Washington DC USA DSO-98-004. Dam Safety Research Report."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_2","first-page":"14","article-title":"Investigation of broken dams and the law of loss of life in China","volume":"5","author":"Zhou K.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dams and Safety"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/9869167","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,4]],"date-time":"2022-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643932800000}}],"container-title":["Complexity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/complexity\/2021\/7093256.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/complexity\/2021\/7093256.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2021\/7093256","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T22:13:50Z","timestamp":1723241630000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2021\/7093256"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Narayanan","family":"Kumarappan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2021\/7093256"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2021\/7093256","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"correction":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1155\/2022\/9869167","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1076-2787","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-0526","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-06-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-02-15","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-02-25","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"7093256"}}