{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T02:06:06Z","timestamp":1784081166538,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,15]],"date-time":"2021-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626307200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fulbright Foundation","award":["UL1TR001998"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR001998"]}]},{"name":"Fulbright Foundation","award":["P30 ES026529"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 ES026529"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007472","name":"University of Kentucky","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1TR001998"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR001998"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007472","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007472","name":"University of Kentucky","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 ES026529"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 ES026529"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007472","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"NIH National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["UL1TR001998"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR001998"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"NIH National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["P30 ES026529"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 ES026529"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"UK-CARES","award":["UL1TR001998"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR001998"]}]},{"name":"UK-CARES","award":["P30 ES026529"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 ES026529"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Environmental and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This exploratory, descriptive cohort study (N\u2009=\u200960) determined lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) blood concentrations in Peruvian children and their association with hematological parameters of iron-deficient anemia (IDA) and anthropometric measurement. The mean age of children was 10.8 months (SD\u2009=\u20094.7) and ranged from 3 to 24 months old. Anemia (Hb levels below 10.5\u2009g\/dL) was found in 20% of this cohort. Additionally, microcytosis (MCV\u2009&lt;\u200970\u2009fL) was present in 54%, and hypochromia (MCH\u2009&lt;\u200923\u2009pg) in 42% of the group of children. Chi-square analysis showed that 88% of the children with anemia also had microcytosis and hypochromia (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\">\n                        <a:mi>p<\/a:mi>\n                        <a:mo>&lt;<\/a:mo>\n                        <a:mn>0.001<\/a:mn>\n                     <\/a:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). Pb and As were detected in 100% of the infants\u2019 blood samples, and the concentrations were significantly higher in older infants than in younger ones. Pb and As were not associated with the sex, anthropomorphic parameters, or infant hemogram changes. Infants who received iron supplementation were 87% less likely to have low Hb compared with those who did not (OR\u2009=\u20090.13, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.02\u20130.88, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <c:math xmlns:c=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\">\n                        <c:mi>p<\/c:mi>\n                        <c:mo>=<\/c:mo>\n                        <c:mn>0.04<\/c:mn>\n                     <\/c:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). Herbal tea intake was significantly associated with microcytosis and hypochromia. Our finding uncovered that hematological parameters for anemia are modified in Peruvian children with high levels of microcytosis and hypochromia. Concentrations of Pb and As were above method detection limits in all Peruvian children, but these were not associated with IDA or anthropometric measurements. A large study, including other variables, would benefit from allowing a more complex model predicting anemia in Peruvian children.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/7283514","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,15]],"date-time":"2021-07-15T22:50:09Z","timestamp":1626389409000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Blood\u2019s Concentration of Lead and Arsenic Associated with Anemia in Peruvian Children"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8883-5197","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ana Maria","family":"Linares","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing, 751 Rose St, Room 435-A, CON Building, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3012-5261","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jason M.","family":"Unrine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Toxicology, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Agriculture Science Center North, 1100 S. Limestone St. Room N-122T, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6388-3953","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Amanda","family":"Thaxton Wigging","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing, 751 Rose St, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9541-7102","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Juan C.","family":"Tantalean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University San Luis Gonzaga de Ica, Director Bioslab EIRL, Calle Fermin Tanguis 150, San Miguel, Ica, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8338-5185","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vlad C.","family":"Radulescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Hemophilia Treatment Center, Kentucky Children Hospital, 800 Rose St, Suite C 400, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-014-1643-9"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17843\/rpmesp.2017.344.3346"},{"issue":"4","key":"3","first-page":"270","article-title":"Iron deficiency and other types of anemia in infants and children","volume":"93","author":"M. 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