{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T23:52:21Z","timestamp":1792626741710,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,29]],"date-time":"2021-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635465600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pulmonary Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The disease is characterized by progressive airway inflammation, which not only affects the airways but also has systemic effects that are associated with comorbidities. Although comorbid conditions such as hypertension and coronary artery disease are very well-known in COPD patients, diseases of the thyroid gland have not been sufficiently studied. Therefore, thyroid diseases are not considered among the comorbid conditions of COPD. The purpose of this study was to determine the thyroid gland disease (TGD) prevalence in COPD and associated factors. Materials and Method. The study included 309 (297 (96%) male) patients. The patients were subjected to spirometry and thyroid function tests (TFT) in the stable period. The thyroid gland disease they were diagnosed with was recorded after face-to-face meetings and examining their files. Results. The mean age of the patients who were included in the study was<jats:inline-formula><a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><a:mn>65.9<\/a:mn><a:mo>\u00b1<\/a:mo><a:mn>9.8<\/a:mn><\/a:math><\/jats:inline-formula>(40-90). Thyroid disease was determined in 68 (22%) individuals. There were hypothyroidism in 7 (2%), euthyroidism in 45 (15%), and hyperthyroidism in 16 (%5) patients. No relationship was found between the severity of airflow limitation and the prevalence of TGD. Conclusion. Thyroid abnormalities are commonly observed in COPD. The most frequently encountered TGDs are euthyroid multinodular goiter, euthyroid sick syndrome (ESS), and toxic multinodular goiter.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/7479992","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,30]],"date-time":"2021-10-30T00:35:11Z","timestamp":1635554111000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Thyroid Gland Disease as a Comorbid Condition in COPD"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5396-5402","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Aziz","family":"Gumus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Chest Disease, Rize, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4672-6179","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Neslihan","family":"Ozcelik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Chest Disease, Rize, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2690-4932","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bilge","family":"Yilmaz Kara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Chest Disease, Rize, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9768-1425","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Songul","family":"Ozyurt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Chest Disease, Rize, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1836-6193","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Unal","family":"Sahin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Chest Disease, Rize, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61728-0"},{"key":"2","volume-title":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2011"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00128008.Review"},{"key":"4","unstructured":"Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung DiseaseThe global strategy for the diagnosis, management and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2020 report)http:\/\/goldcopd.org\/"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2466-14-102"},{"key":"6","first-page":"95","article-title":"Managing comorbidities in COPD","volume":"10","author":"G. Hillas","year":"2015","journal-title":"International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0954-6111(11)70005-1"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_84_17"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2296-14-11"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1430639"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5152\/balkanmedj.2013.8042"},{"key":"12","first-page":"1239","article-title":"A study of prevalence of thyroid disorders in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients at a tertiary care center in U.P","volume":"3","author":"L. Singh","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14260\/jemds\/2019\/488"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00103708"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18203\/2320-6012.ijrms20171279"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.33808\/clinexphealthsci.600151","article-title":"The level of serum C-reactive protein and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio according to thyroid function status","volume":"10","author":"F. Kar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2004.08.003"}],"container-title":["Pulmonary Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/pm\/2021\/7479992.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/pm\/2021\/7479992.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/pm\/2021\/7479992.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,11]],"date-time":"2023-11-11T23:43:06Z","timestamp":1699746186000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/pm\/2021\/7479992\/"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Zsofia","family":"Lazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,29]]},"references-count":17,"alternative-id":["7479992","7479992"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2021\/7479992","relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-1844","2090-1836"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-1844","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2090-1836","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,29]]}}}