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Adopting the meta\u2010analysis approach, we investigated 31 independent studies (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20096475) and studied the theoretical moderators of this relationship from the perspectives of mediating variables, cultural background, and document type to test whether the moderating effects can explain the inconsistent research results. The results reveal that TL positively affects project success and leadership charm is the primary driver of TL. Also, the existence of a mediating mechanism has a more significant impact on the success of the leading project. Meanwhile, compared with project construction under the Western cultural background, countries with Eastern culture are more inclined to use a people\u2010oriented philosophy for project management to promote project success. This research provides an empirical perspective to help project leaders select management talents, regulate leaders\u2019 words and deeds, and cultivate technical and soft leadership skills. Besides, this paper proposes a unique and nuanced view of the relationship between TL and project success, enhancing people\u2019s understanding of the TL\u2019s role in influencing project success.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/7517791","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,19]],"date-time":"2021-10-19T21:20:16Z","timestamp":1634678416000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Understanding the Impact of Transformational Leadership on Project Success: A Meta\u2010Analysis Perspective"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9289-0287","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Na","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dongjiao","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2020.125223"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tust.2020.103677"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_2","article-title":"Cultural issues in the planning and development of major projects","volume":"9","author":"Dingle J.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Risk Management"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijproman.2020.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/s2424786320500267"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1891\/jdnp-d-19-00054"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmrv.2019.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_2","volume-title":"Leadership and Performance beyond Expectations","author":"Bass B. 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