{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T12:19:45Z","timestamp":1789906785883,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,20]],"date-time":"2021-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632096000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction. Sex hormones play an important role in the development and maintenance of bone and muscle mass. However, studies regarding serum testosterone levels, osteoporosis, and sarcopenia in men are relatively sparse and have led to contradictory conclusions. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between serum testosterone levels and body composition, including bone mineral density (BMD), appendicular lean mass index (ALMI), and appendicular fat mass index (AFMI), among men 20\u201359 years of age through a cross-sectional analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Materials and Methods. Our analysis was based on the data for 3,875 men, 20\u201359 years of age. Weighted multiple regression analyses were used to estimate the independent association between serum testosterone levels and body composition. Weighted generalized additive models and smooth curve fittings were used to characterize the nonlinear associations between them. Results. The association between the serum testosterone level and lumbar BMD was positive in each multivariable linear regression model. In the model adjusted for age and race, the serum testosterone level was negatively associated with ALMI. However, in the models adjusted for body mass index, this association became positive. In addition, the association between the serum testosterone level and AFMI was negative in each multivariable linear regression model. Conclusion. Our study demonstrated a positive association of serum testosterone level with lumbar BMD and ALMI, and a negative association with AFMI, among men 20\u201359 years of age, suggesting that increasing testosterone levels may be beneficial to skeletal health in young and middle-aged men with low testosterone levels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/7523996","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,20]],"date-time":"2021-09-20T23:05:36Z","timestamp":1632179136000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Association between Serum Testosterone Levels and Body Composition among Men 20\u201359 Years of Age"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"given":"Jiajie","family":"Ye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning 110847, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojun","family":"Zhai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Jiangnan Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311200, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinxiao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311200, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5924-6748","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zhongxin","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Osteoporosis Care and Control, The Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311200, China"},{"name":"Clinical Research Center, The Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311200, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keaa755"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2020.101200"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2020.101098"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s41999-020-00301-6"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2010.07.001"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-013-0081-6"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.14206"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/4602129"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5534\/wjmh.180001"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-014-2960-6"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmed.2020-0131"},{"key":"12","year":"020"},{"issue":"161","key":"13","first-page":"1","article-title":"National health and nutrition examination survey: analytic guidelines, 1999-2010","author":"C. 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