{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T05:39:13Z","timestamp":1783489153337,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,19]],"date-time":"2021-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634601600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":291,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Introduction<\/jats:italic>. Fracture\u2010related infection (FRI) is a severe musculoskeletal complication in orthopedic trauma surgery, causing challenges in bony and soft tissue management. Currently, negative\u2010pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is often used as temporary coverage for traumatic and surgical wounds, also in cases of FRI. However, controversy exists about the impact of NPWT on the outcome in FRI, specifically on infection recurrence. Therefore, this systematic review qualitatively assesses the literature on the role of NPWT in the management of FRI. <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. A literature search of the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science database was performed. Studies that reported on infection recurrence related to FRI management combined with NPWT were eligible for inclusion. Quality assessment was done using the PRISMA statement and the Newcastle\u2010Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. After screening and quality assessment of 775 unique identified records, eight articles could be included for qualitative synthesis. All eight studies reported on infection recurrence, which ranged from 2.8% to 34.9%. Six studies described wound healing time, varying from two to seven weeks. Four studies took repeated microbial swabs during subsequent vacuum dressing changes. One study reported newly detected pathogens in 23% of the included patients, and three studies did not find new pathogens. <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. This review provides an assessment of current literature on the role of NPWT in the management of soft tissue defects in patients with FRI. Due to the lack of uniformity in included studies, conclusions should be drawn with caution. Currently, there is no clear scientific evidence to support the use of NPWT as definitive treatment in FRI. At this stage, we can only recommend early soft tissue coverage (within days) with a local or free flap. NPWT may be safe for a few days as temporarily soft tissue coverage until definitive soft tissue management could be performed. However, comparative studies between NPWT and early wound closure in FRI patients are needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/7742227","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]],"date-time":"2021-10-20T17:56:27Z","timestamp":1634752587000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["The Role of Negative\u2010Pressure Wound Therapy in Patients with Fracture\u2010Related Infection: A Systematic Review and Critical Appraisal"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0425-7543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan","family":"Haidari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9420-2732","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frank F. A.","family":"IJpma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4114-9093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Willem-Jan","family":"Metsemakers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1461-0411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wies","family":"Maarse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0934-2985","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H. Charles","family":"Vogely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex J.","family":"Ramsden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2003-9044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin A.","family":"McNally","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6033-1835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Geertje A. M.","family":"Govaert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000001614"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.97B6.33276"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2007.094"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Infections of the musculoskeletal system. Basic principles, prevention, diagnosis and treatment","author":"Ochsner P.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Swiss Orthop. Swiss Soc. Infect. Dis. Expert Gr."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-018-3048-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2011.10.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surge.2018.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.6673"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2021.04.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-016-3337-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2017.03.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2015.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-90008-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000001615"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-199706000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-200111000-00013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.04.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_2","first-page":"44","article-title":"Use of negative pressure wound therapy during aeromedical evacuation of patients with combat-related blast injuries","volume":"19","author":"Pollak A. N.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Surgical Orthopaedic Advances"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-481X.2007.00361.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0b013e31824133e3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e318171971a"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3310\/hta22730"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1067-1927.2004.12105.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sap.0000111861.75927.4d"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2535"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000100"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2017.08.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-010-9491-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-475X.2009.00458.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.915921"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-017-1607-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/aoms.2013.34411"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2011.10.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.915450"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1270952"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-010-1197-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000009952"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2016\/17449.7598"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5704\/MOJ.1407.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_2","article-title":"Negative pressure wound therapy assisted closure: an effective mode of management for infected and contaminated wound with non-union fracture femur","volume":"12","author":"Patro B. P.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/2058-5241.5.190072"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-020-03930-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67695-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.103B1.BJJ-2020-1381.R1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.6452"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_2","article-title":"Negative pressure wound therapy for open traumatic wounds","volume":"7","author":"Iheozor-Ejiofor Z.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1508502"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-1383(95)00164-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002640050204"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2010.04.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_2","first-page":"581","article-title":"Vacuum occlusion: a new concept in treatment of soft tissue and bone infections","volume":"114","author":"Jukema G. N.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Langenbecks Archiv f\u00fcr Chirurgie. Supplement. Kongressband"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_2","first-page":"E441","article-title":"Musculoskeletal infection in orthopaedic trauma: assessment of the 2018 international consensus meeting on musculoskeletal infection","volume":"102","author":"Obremskey W.","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_2","volume-title":"Soft tissue management in Fracture-related Infections","author":"Ramsden A.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-019-03287-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Diagnostiek en behandeling van fractuur-gerelateerde infecties","volume":"163","author":"Govaert G. A. M.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1687920"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/230949901402200109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2006.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000001626"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.05.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_2","first-page":"95","article-title":"Vacuum-assisted closure in patients with post-operative infections after instrumented spine surgery: a series of 12 cases","volume":"7","author":"Kale M.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_63_2","first-page":"17","article-title":"Application of vacuum sealing drainage in the treatment of internal fixation instrument exposure after early postoperative infection","volume":"70","author":"Wang J.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Minerva Chirurgica"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/2046-3758.810.BJR-2019-0050.R1"}],"container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2021\/7742227.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2021\/7742227.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2021\/7742227","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T16:37:14Z","timestamp":1735663034000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2021\/7742227"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Nan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2021\/7742227"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2021\/7742227","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2314-6133","2314-6141"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2314-6133","type":"print"},{"value":"2314-6141","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-06-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-09-07","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-10-19","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"7742227"}}