{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T22:32:59Z","timestamp":1765233179323,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,4]],"date-time":"2021-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633305600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":276,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61903296","U2003110"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61903296","U2003110"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Complexity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study investigates the observer\u2010based sliding mode load frequency control for multiarea interconnected power systems under deception attack. By introducing the observer and combining it with the system state equation, the expression of the system error is obtained. A sliding mode surface is proposed to make sure the state of the systems to be stable. Then, the state equation of the system under sliding mode control is derived. The asymptotic stability of the whole system is proved by using the linear matrix inequality (LMI) technique and Lyapunov stability theory. Furthermore, a sliding mode control law is proposed to ensure that the attacked power system can reach a stable position. Numerical simulation results are presented to support the correctness of the results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/8092206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,4]],"date-time":"2021-10-04T20:33:53Z","timestamp":1633379633000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Observer\u2010Based Sliding Mode Load Frequency Control of Power Systems under Deception Attack"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8436-3639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siwei","family":"Qiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5665-3535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinghua","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gaoxi","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuzhi Sam","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.solener.2020.05.053"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15325008.2020.1731878"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2020.2981614"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2020.2992663"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00207179.2019.1664762"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en13174317"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/5564184"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tsmc.2019.2914491"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isatra.2019.08.063"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/rpg2.12088"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en14040863"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2021.119867"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tsmc.2018.2884491"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSI.2020.3036847"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077546319898311"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics10030274"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/23080477.2020.1861502"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conengprac.2020.104678"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2020.2966281"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6646799"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tcsi.2021.3071341"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCST.2011.2160543"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_2","first-page":"717","article-title":"False data injection cyber-attacks mitigation in parallel DC\/DC converters based on artificial neural networks","volume":"68","author":"Habibi M. 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