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It causes many infections in tropical and subtropical countries every year, thus posing a severe disease threat. Cytokine storms, one condition where many proinflammatory cytokines are mass-produced, might lead to cellular dysfunction in tissue\/organ failures and often facilitate severe dengue disease in patients. Interleukin- (IL-) 18, similar to IL-1\u03b2, is a proinflammatory cytokine produced during inflammation following inflammasome activation. Inflammatory stimuli, including microbial infections, damage signals, and cytokines, all induce the production of IL-18. High serum IL-18 is remarkably correlated with severely ill dengue patients; however, its possible roles have been less explored. Based on the clinical and basic findings, this review discusses the potential immunopathogenic role of IL-18 when it participates in DENV infection and dengue disease progression based on existing findings and related past studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/8214656","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,20]],"date-time":"2021-11-20T03:50:19Z","timestamp":1637380219000},"page":"1-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["IL-18: The Forgotten Cytokine in Dengue Immunopathogenesis"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"given":"Josephine Diony","family":"Nanda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Ph.D. Program in Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2951-6679","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tzong-Shiann","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Tainan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan 700, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rahmat Dani","family":"Satria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia"},{"name":"Clinical Laboratory Installation, Dr. Sardjito Central General Hospital, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming-Kai","family":"Jhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yung-Ting","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4396-6086","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chiou-Feng","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Ph.D. Program in Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","article-title":"Dengue and severe dengue: World Health Organization","author":"WHO"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13365-014-0285-z"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9080668"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1567-1348(03)00004-2"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12060"},{"key":"6","volume-title":"Dengue Situation Update Number 629","author":"WHO","year":"2021"},{"key":"7","volume-title":"Comprehensive Guideline for Prevention and Control of Dengue and Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever. 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