{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T09:48:54Z","timestamp":1767865734816,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]],"date-time":"2021-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633392000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020A1515010156"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020A1515010156"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019-GDXK-0014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-GDXK-0014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82174209"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82174209"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Major Research Projects of Key Disciplines in Guangdong Province","award":["2020A1515010156"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020A1515010156"]}]},{"name":"Major Research Projects of Key Disciplines in Guangdong Province","award":["2019-GDXK-0014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-GDXK-0014"]}]},{"name":"Major Research Projects of Key Disciplines in Guangdong Province","award":["82174209"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82174209"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020A1515010156"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020A1515010156"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019-GDXK-0014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-GDXK-0014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82174209"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82174209"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Bulbus fritillariae and Radix aconiti praeparata are an incompatible herbal pair in the traditional Chinese medicine theory \u201ceighteen incompatible medicaments,\u201d and they should not be used simultaneously in clinical treatment for safety. This study aimed to investigate the incompatibility mechanism between Bulbus fritillariae and Radix aconiti praeparata based on their interaction with P-glycoprotein (P-gp). The interaction between Bulbus fritillariae and Radix aconiti praeparata during in vitro decocting as well as in vivo absorption was investigated by determining the dry extract yield and by rat single-pass intestinal perfusion (SPIP) model. Inhibition of different species of Bulbus fritillariae on P-gp function was examined using the SPIP model. The mRNA and protein expression of P-gp was determined by PCR and western blotting. The active ingredients of Bulbus fritillariae were predicted and screened for inhibiting P-gp activity by Schrodinger\u2019s molecular docking and MDR1-MDCK cell transport study, respectively. Mediation of monoester alkaloids in Radix aconiti praeparata by P-gp was predicted and examined using Schrodinger\u2019s molecular docking and SPIP experiment, respectively. In the results, when Radix aconiti praeparata was combined with Bulbus fritillariae, the toxic ingredient benzoylmesaconine in Radix aconiti praeparata displayed higher intestinal permeability, whereas the toxic ingredients showed no significant difference during the in vitro decoction process. Bulbus fritillariae thunbergii inhibited both the P-gp function and expression; in contrast, Bulbus fritillariae cirrhosae inhibited the function only. Alkaloids including peimine, peimisine, and imperialine were the active ingredients for inhibiting P-gp activity. Benzoylmesaconine in Radix aconiti praeparata was the substrate of P-gp.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/8351717","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]],"date-time":"2021-10-05T18:37:46Z","timestamp":1633459066000},"page":"1-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Studies on the Incompatibility between Bulbus fritillariae and Radix aconiti praeparata Based on the P-gp"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1394-2799","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Weijun","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6633-6410","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ling","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8126-286X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yoshikatsu","family":"Kanai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bio-System Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7869-5736","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xin","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-1999-14003"},{"key":"2","volume-title":"Study on the Analysis of Alkaloids and Nucleosides in Bulbus Fritillariae","author":"W. 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Tang","year":"1991","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Traditional Medical Traumatology and Orthopedics"},{"key":"9","volume-title":"Experimental Study on the Toxicity of Radix aconiti Compounded Bulbus fritillariae cirrhosae","author":"D. D. Liu","year":"2011"},{"issue":"1","key":"10","first-page":"51","article-title":"Study on adjuvant chemotherapy by fritillariae thunbergii and its compound granules to improve clinical efficacy of refractory acute leukemia","volume":"27","author":"D. Y. Li","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Practical Internal Medicine"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3736\/jcim20090810"},{"issue":"7","key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.108.020859","article-title":"Closing the gaps: a full scan of the intestinal expression of P-glycoprotein, breast cancer resistance protein, and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 in male and female rats","volume":"36","author":"M. L. 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