{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T07:08:53Z","timestamp":1790752133803,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,2]],"date-time":"2021-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617321600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":91,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009362","name":"South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009362","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013376","name":"Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013376","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RP-PG-0606-1043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RP-PG-0606-1043"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mediators of Inflammation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), decreased intracellular (ICW), extracellular (ECW), and total body water (TBW) as well as changes in serum cytokine concentrations have been reported. In this exploratory study, we measured body composition and serum cytokine levels in patients with AN (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 27) and healthy controls (HCs; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 13). Eating disorder symptom severity was assessed using the Eating Disorder Examination\u2010Questionnaire (EDE\u2010Q). Body composition was determined by bioimpedance analysis (BIA) which provided information on ICW, ECW, and TBW. Following blood collection, 27 cytokines and chemokines were quantified using multiplex ELISA\u2010based technology: Eotaxin, Eotaxin\u20103, granulocyte\u2010macrophage colony\u2010stimulating factor (GM\u2010CSF), interferon\u2010 (IFN\u2010) <jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>, interleukin\u2010 (IL\u2010) 1<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>, IL\u20101<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>, IL\u20102, IL\u20104, IL\u20105, IL\u20106, IL\u20107, IL\u20108, IL\u201010, IL\u201012\/IL\u201023p40, IL\u201012p70, IL\u201013, IL\u201015, IL\u201016, IL\u201017A, interferon <jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>\u2010induced protein\u2010 (IP\u2010) 10, macrophage inflammatory protein\u2010 (MIP\u2010) 1<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>, MIP\u20101<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>, monocyte chemoattractant protein\u2010 (MCP\u2010) 1, MCP\u20104, thymus and activation\u2010regulated chemokine (TARC), TNF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>, and TNF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>. ICW, ECW, and TBW volumes were significantly lower in patients with AN than in HCs. In the whole sample, GM\u2010CSF, MCP\u20104, and IL\u20104 were positively, whereas IFN\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>, IL\u20106, and IL\u201010 were negatively associated with all three parameters of body water. In AN participants, we found a statistically significant negative correlation of IL\u201010 with ICW, ECW, and TBW. Our results suggest an interaction between body water and the cytokine system. Underlying mechanisms are unclear but may involve a loss of water from the gut, kidneys, or skin due to AN\u2010associated inflammatory processes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/8811051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,2]],"date-time":"2021-04-02T20:20:09Z","timestamp":1617394809000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Cytokines and Water Distribution in Anorexia Nervosa"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1209-6073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hubertus","family":"Himmerich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bethan","family":"Dalton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivia","family":"Patsalos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulrike","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iain C.","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-018-0937-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","first-page":"442","article-title":"Anorexia nervosa and the kidney","volume":"5","author":"Schneiter S.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Revue M\u00e9dicale Suisse"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-014-0138-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pra.0000369969.87779.1c"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/acb.2011.011185"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","first-page":"181","article-title":"Assessing nutritional status of severe malnutrition patients by bioelectrical impedance technique: a multicenter prospective study","volume":"30","author":"Qiang L.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2010.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(88)80033-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2018.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2014.09.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_2","first-page":"41","article-title":"Inflammatory cytokines and appetite in healthy people","volume":"1","author":"Dent E.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Aging Research & Clinical Practice"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09540261.2013.813442"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4149\/endo_2010_04_165"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.58.5.445"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2007.11.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7762\/cnr.2015.4.1.32"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10640266.2014.1000111"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22354"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3310\/pgfar05160"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_2","volume-title":"Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Eating Disorders","author":"Fairburn C. G.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10111573"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_2","volume-title":"Stata Statistical Software","author":"Stata Corp","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v23.i12.2106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00465.2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00766"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-014-1529-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2012.03.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2016.11.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-013-2513-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI63679"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.19.1.683"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaim.2017.10.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0192-0561(97)00006-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-43492-5_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5500\/wjt.v3.i4.91"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/561401"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1297959"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3064"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/00005768-199206000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_2","first-page":"280","article-title":"Physical activity, eating behavior, and pathology","volume":"58","author":"J\u00e1uregui Lobera I.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutrici\u00f3n"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-48382-5_9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8111915"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0115426504019005433"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1986.60.4.1327"}],"container-title":["Mediators of Inflammation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/mi\/2021\/8811051.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/mi\/2021\/8811051.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2021\/8811051","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T09:14:09Z","timestamp":1756372449000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2021\/8811051"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Kong","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2021\/8811051"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2021\/8811051","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0962-9351","1466-1861"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0962-9351","type":"print"},{"value":"1466-1861","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-09-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-03-27","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-04-02","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"8811051"}}