{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T06:55:59Z","timestamp":1758264959571,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]],"date-time":"2021-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":61,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Complexity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>From the perspective of the complex system, university ranking is a complex system that involves multiagent actors, which evolve over time. Yet, current major university rankings fail to reflect the system dynamics of the university innovation system. In this paper, we apply the complex system model in the field of the university innovation system in the context of university ranking in the countries along the Belt and Road, which is a long\u2010term overlooked field. We introduce a new method of university ranking based on the \u201cwinning and losing\u201d relationship to measure the relative competitiveness between universities. This paper contributes to complex system research, the Belt and Road research, and the university ranking arena.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/8811668","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,4]],"date-time":"2021-03-04T02:20:09Z","timestamp":1614824409000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Winning and Losing Relationship: A New Method of University Ranking in the Case of Countries along the Belt and Road"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7066-1400","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jin","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4026-8349","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Songyue","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Manling","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2260-9349","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenjing","family":"Lyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13600800701457855"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-015-1586-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respol.2010.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00036846.2020.1795075"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indmarman.2015.02.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respol.2006.09.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2013.08.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/5983531"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/4301489"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-84800-011-7_9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9780429496639"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.284.5411.107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2015.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.135261"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/238413a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13194-012-0056-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0305764x.2020.1829548"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_2","unstructured":"University consortium of maritime silk road launched in Xiamen 2020 https:\/\/eng.yidaiyilu.gov.cn\/qwyw\/rdxw\/69333.htm."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.23355"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10734-004-1746-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/reseval\/rvr003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_2","article-title":"Is it possible to rank universities using fewer indicators? a study on five international university rankings","volume":"71","author":"Springer C.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aslib Journal of Information Management"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sej.1341"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03075079.2018.1564260"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Comprehensive world university ranking based on ranking aggregation","author":"Zhang Y.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Computational Statistics"},{"volume-title":"World University Rankings 2019: Methodology","year":"2019","author":"World University Rankings","key":"e_1_2_9_26_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-019-03214-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-016-2212-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joi.2018.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-019-03202-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.22857"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.22708"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/GKMC-09-2019-0112"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/reseval\/rvz014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1556\/032.2020.00030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0170840617717099"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03075079.2017.1356282"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1360080x.2016.1254431"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2009.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03797720500260033"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.soc.23.1.191"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.soc.29.010202.100213"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cplx.21444"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cplx.21527"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/258189"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1043463119869007"},{"volume-title":"Dynamics in Action: Intentional Behavior as a Complex System","year":"2000","author":"Juarrero A.","key":"e_1_2_9_47_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/30918"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iedeen.2019.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smr.2016.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/5484326"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_2","article-title":"Enhancing university brand image and reputation through customer value co-creation behaviour","volume":"138","author":"Foroudi P.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Technological Forecasting and Social Change"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asieco.2017.12.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chieco.2016.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0163660x.2017.1302743"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/23792949.2016.1232598"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10670564.2018.1433476"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-5-30"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01425692.2011.649835"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1198\/000313008x332124"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-010-0280-y"},{"volume-title":"The World-Class University and Ranking: Aiming beyond Status","year":"2007","author":"Sadlak J.","key":"e_1_2_9_62_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12564-010-9076-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respol.2006.04.005"}],"container-title":["Complexity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/complexity\/2021\/8811668.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/complexity\/2021\/8811668.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2021\/8811668","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T22:31:14Z","timestamp":1723242674000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2021\/8811668"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Yi","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2021\/8811668"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2021\/8811668","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1076-2787"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1099-0526"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-09-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-02-05","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-03-03","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"8811668"}}