{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T05:01:23Z","timestamp":1790917283573,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]],"date-time":"2021-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634083200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":285,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82000019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82000019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Purpose<\/jats:italic>. Studying the cytokine profiles in influenza A pneumonia could be helpful to better understand the pathogenesis of the disease and predict its prognosis. <jats:italic>Patients and Methods<\/jats:italic>. Patients with influenza A pneumonia (including 2009H1N1, H1N1, H3N1, and H7N1) hospitalized in six hospitals from January 2017 to October 2018 were enrolled (ClinicalTrials.gov ID, <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/results?cond=&amp;term=NCT03093220&amp;cntry=&amp;state=&amp;city=&amp;dist=\">NCT03093220<\/jats:ext-link>). Sputum samples were collected within 24 hours after admission and subsequently analyzed for cytokine profiles using a Luminex assay. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. A total of 35 patients with influenza A pneumonia were included in the study. The levels of IL\u20106, IFN\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>, and IL\u20102 were increased in patients with severe influenza A pneumonia (n\u2009=10) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.002, 0.009, and 0.008, respectively), while those of IL\u20105, IL\u201025, IL\u201017A, and IL\u201022 were decreased compared to patients with nonsevere pneumonia (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.0001, 0.009, 0.0001, and 0.006, respectively). The levels of IL\u20102 and IL\u20106 in the nonsurvivors (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 5) were significantly higher than those in the survivors (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.043 and 0.0001, respectively), while the levels of IL\u20105, IL\u201017A, and IL\u201022 were significantly lower (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.001, 0.012, and 0.043, respectively). The IL\u20104\/IL\u201017A ratio has the potential to be a good predictor (AUC = 0.94, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05, sensitivity = 88.89<jats:italic>%<\/jats:italic>, specificity = 92.31<jats:italic>%<\/jats:italic>) and an independent risk factor (OR, 95% CI: 3.772, 1.188\u201011.975; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05) for intermittent positive pressure ventilation (n\u2009=\u20099). <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. Significant dysregulation of cytokine profiles can be observed in patients with severe influenza A pneumonia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/9533044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]],"date-time":"2021-10-13T21:43:15Z","timestamp":1634161395000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Specific Cytokine Profiles Predict the Severity of Influenza A Pneumonia: A Prospectively Multicenter Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"given":"Yu","family":"Xie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lili","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pu","family":"Ning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiongzhen","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0359-2799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yali","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7415-1416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhancheng","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m606"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30079-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-2659.2009.00073.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/eri.11.56"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/650581"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra052211"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cmi.2015.74"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-05879-5_6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.05015-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/82_2014_411"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules16032032"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.12-2907"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2018.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000001616"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-018-5332-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.163.7.at1010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.52.6.498"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_2","first-page":"24s","article-title":"Analysis of fluid-phase mediators","volume":"37","author":"Kelly M. 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