{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T08:05:12Z","timestamp":1772179512707,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]],"date-time":"2021-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632960000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":272,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. Oral mucositis is the most debilitating and troublesome adverse effect of irinotecan (CPT\u201011) treatment. It adversely affects the patient quality of life. The aim of this work was to study the histological, immunohistochemical, and molecular changes in the oral mucosa by CPT\u201011 and the possible alleviated role of atorvastatin. <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. Rats were randomly divided into control, CPT\u201011\u2010treated group, and CPT\u201011+ atorvastatin\u2010treated group. At the end of the experiment, the anterior two\u2010thirds of the tongue was dissected out and divided into two parts: one part for light microscopic examination and the second for molecular study. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. CPT\u201011\u2010treated group revealed loss of normal mucosal organization, areas of ulceration and inflammation, and loss of architecture of lingual papillae. A significant decrease in immunohistochemical and molecular gene expression of Ki\u201067 and antiapoptotic Bcl\u20102 levels was observed. A significant increase in NF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03ba<\/jats:italic>B immunohistochemical and mRNA gene expression level and a nonsignificant increase in Nrf2 gene expression were detected. Coadministration of atorvastatin showed remarkable improvement in the histopathological picture with a significant increase in Ki\u201067 and Bcl\u20102, a significant decrease in NF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03ba<\/jats:italic>B protein and gene expression, and a significant increase in Nrf2 gene expression. <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. Atorvastatin substantially attenuates CPT\u201011\u2010induced oral mucositis through the initiation of the antiapoptotic gene, modulation of the inflammatory, and antioxidant gene expression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/9690047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]],"date-time":"2021-09-30T23:53:17Z","timestamp":1633045997000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Study of the Possible Alleviated Role of Atorvastatin on Irinotecan\u2010Induced Lingual Mucosal Damage: Histological and Molecular Study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4984-3266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eetmad A.","family":"Arafat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. M. 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