{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T05:14:52Z","timestamp":1754111692237,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,24]],"date-time":"2021-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621814400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Radiology Research and Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Various imaging techniques may be employed in the investigation of suspected bone and joint infections. These include ultrasound, radiography, functional imaging such as positron emission tomography (PET) and nuclear scintigraphy, and cross-sectional imaging, including computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The cross-sectional modalities represent the imaging workhorse in routine practice. The role of imaging also extends to include assessment of the anatomical extent of infection, potentially associated complications, and treatment response. The imaging appearances of bone and joint infections are heterogeneous and depend on the duration of infection, an individual patient\u2019s immune status, and virulence of culprit organisms. To add to the complexity of radiodiagnosis, one of the pitfalls of imaging musculoskeletal infection is the presence of other conditions that can share overlapping imaging features. This includes osteoarthritis, vasculopathy, inflammatory, and even neoplastic processes. Different pathologies may also coexist, for example, diabetic neuropathy and osteomyelitis. This pictorial review aims to highlight potential mimics of osteomyelitis and septic arthritis that are regularly encountered, with emphasis on specific imaging features that may aid the radiologist and clinician in distinguishing an infective from a noninfective aetiology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/9912257","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,24]],"date-time":"2021-05-24T22:05:07Z","timestamp":1621893907000},"page":"1-18","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Radiologic Mimics of Osteomyelitis and Septic Arthritis: A Pictorial Essay"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3117-9405","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wanyin","family":"Lim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr Jones and Partners Medical Imaging, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christen D.","family":"Barras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr Jones and Partners Medical Imaging, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"},{"name":"South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute and the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Zadow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr Jones and Partners Medical Imaging, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"},{"name":"Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/qims.2016.04.01"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2014.07.003"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2017.02.008"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2006.09.009"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-019-03204-1"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1214160"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.182.1.1820119"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.139.2.7220878"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.a0925"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.179.3.1790657"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.333135005"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.303095120"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.16.16366"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.334125025"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/qims.2018.11.10"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.294085244"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.15.5.7501856"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1052-5149(03)00036-4"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.a0518"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4329\/wjr.v6.i7.446"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.344140010"},{"issue":"4","key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2017160101","article-title":"Advanced MR imaging techniques for differentiation of neuropathic arthropathy and osteomyelitis in the diabetic foot","volume":"37","author":"T. 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