{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T09:20:13Z","timestamp":1763544013870,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,17]],"date-time":"2021-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626480000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":197,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The emergence of new IoT applications in regional and remote areas has increased the need for a global IoT connectivity beyond existing terrestrial network coverage. However, in many cases, it is not economically viable to build a dedicated terrestrial network to cover these remote areas due to population sparsity and the lack of business case. In this paper, we propose a framework for designing a solar rectenna for IoT\u2010over\u2010satellite applications using nanosatellites. Utilizing such a framework will allow valuable radio spectrum resources to be shared between satellite and terrestrial users. Thus, the autonomous power supply of these objects becomes a big challenge. Indeed, the harvest of solar energy and the conversion of RF energy into electric voltage are a hot topic. Our contribution consists in offering a solar rectenna system to collect solar and RF energy as well as the radio frequency transmission. A parametric study is carried out to follow the influence on the performance of this system. A topology of rectifying circuits is proposed in the present work. The parametric study has shown that the efficiency RF\/DC conversion can reach 23.2% for an input power of 5\u2009dBm and a load resistance of 2\u2009k<jats:italic>\u03a9<\/jats:italic>. To ensure the satellite communication of IoT\u2010connected autonomous objects, this system is operated in the X or Ku band.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/9934025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,17]],"date-time":"2021-07-17T18:35:09Z","timestamp":1626546909000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Adaptive Ku\u2010Band Solar Rectenna for Internet\u2010of\u2010Things\u2010 (IoT)\u2010over\u2010Satellite Applications"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3224-9911","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chokri","family":"Baccouch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chayma","family":"Bahhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7702-6781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hedi","family":"Sakli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5071-013X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taoufik","family":"Aguili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_2","unstructured":"2018 https:\/\/www.ericsson.com\/en\/mobility-report\/reports\/november-2018\/iot-connections-outlook."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2015.2487046"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al-HouraniA. ChandrasekharanS. JamalipourA. ReynaudL. andKandeepanS. Optimal cluster head spacing for energy-efficient communication in aerial-backhauled networks 2015 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM) 2015 San Diego CA USA 1\u20136 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/glocom.2014.7417659 2-s2.0-84964824342.","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOM.2015.7417659"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-78548-053-9.50007-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MAP.2015.2420471"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LAWP.2014.2366791"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"HenzeN. WeitzM. HofmmanP. BendelC. KirchoffJ. andFruchtingH. Investigations on planar antennas with photovoltaic solar cells for mobile communications 1 2004 IEEE 15th International Symposium on Personal Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (IEEE Cat. No.04TH8754) 2004 Barcelona Spain 622\u2013626 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/pimrc.2004.1370945.","DOI":"10.1109\/PIMRC.2004.1370945"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LAWP.2009.2025522"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_2","article-title":"Integration of antenna and solar cell for satellite and terrestrial communication","volume":"3","author":"Maharaja M.","year":"2013","journal-title":"International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BaccouchC. SakliH. BouchouichaD. andAguiliT. Patch antenna based on a photovoltaic solar cell grid collection 2016 Progress in Electromagnetic Research Symposium (PIERS) 2016 Shanghai China 164\u2013165 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/piers.2016.7734278.","DOI":"10.1109\/PIERS.2016.7734278"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7716\/aem.v5i3.425"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15866\/irecap.v6i6.9807"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.25046\/aj020616"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_2","article-title":"Design of solar cell antenna (SOLAN) in different AgHT-8 patch shape for reflection co-efficient, gain, power and directivity compared with existing AgHT-4 and ITO","volume":"2","author":"Suresh Kumar A.","year":"2014","journal-title":"International Journal of Engineering and Technical Research (IJETR)"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMTT.2011.2171043"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"RoutrayS. K. TengsheR. JavaliA. SarkarS. SharmaL. andGhoshA. D. Satellite based IoT for mission critical applications 2019 International Conference on Data Science and Communication (IconDSC) 2019 Bangalore India 1\u20136 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/icondsc.2019.8817030 2-s2.0-85072779119.","DOI":"10.1109\/IconDSC.2019.8817030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BrownW. C. Performance characteristics of the thin-film etched circuit rectenna MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest 1984 San Francisco CA USA 365\u2013367 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/mwsym.1984.1131793.","DOI":"10.1109\/MWSYM.1984.1131793"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LAWP.2004.827889"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LAWP.2005.846434"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_2","first-page":"7823","article-title":"Rectennas design development and applications","volume":"3","author":"Yadav R. K.","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology (IJEST)"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/22.817479"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BozzettiM. de CandiaG. GalloM. LositoO. MesciaL. andPrudenzanoF. Analysis and design of a solar rectenna 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics 2010 Bari Italy 2001\u20132004 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/isie.2010.5637486 2-s2.0-78650405369.","DOI":"10.1109\/ISIE.2010.5637486"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPHOTOV.2016.2541460"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"JoshiS. ZhuZ. GroverS. andModdelG. Infrared optical response of geometric diode rectenna solar cells 2012 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference 2011 Austin TX USA https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/pvsc.2012.6318209 2-s2.0-84869462279.","DOI":"10.1109\/PVSC.2012.6318209"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ZhuZ. GroverS. KruegerK. andModdelG. Optical rectenna solar cells using graphene geometric diodes 2011 37th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference 2011 Seattle WA USA https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/pvsc.2011.6186372 2-s2.0-84861030737.","DOI":"10.1109\/PVSC.2011.6186372"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4793425"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tnano.2017.2656066"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0022-3727\/46\/13\/135106"}],"container-title":["Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/wcmc\/2021\/9934025.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/wcmc\/2021\/9934025.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2021\/9934025","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T11:31:50Z","timestamp":1723030310000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2021\/9934025"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Rehmat","family":"Ullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2021\/9934025"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2021\/9934025","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1530-8669","1530-8677"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1530-8669"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1530-8677"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-03-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-07-01","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-07-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"9934025"}}