{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T14:59:38Z","timestamp":1774364378524,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":151,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["11801381"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11801381"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Complexity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In this paper, the variational inequality with constraints can be viewed as an optimization problem. Using Lagrange function and projection operator, the equivalent operator equations for the variational inequality with constraints under the certain conditions are obtained. Then, the second\u2010order differential equation system with the controlled process is established for solving the variational inequality with constraints. We prove that any accumulation point of the trajectory of the second\u2010order differential equation system is a solution to the variational inequality with constraints. In the end, one example with three kinds of different cases by using this differential equation system is solved. The numerical results are reported to verify the effectiveness of the second\u2010order differential equation system with the controlled process for solving the variational inequality with constraints.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/9936370","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T19:39:38Z","timestamp":1622576378000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Second\u2010Order Differential Equation System with the Controlled Process for Variational Inequality with Constraints"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8414-1454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xingxu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juhe","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","volume-title":"Finite-Dimensional Variational Inequalities and Complementarity Problems","author":"Facchinei F.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 3rd Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability","author":"Arrow K. 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