{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T18:52:20Z","timestamp":1790275940037,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,28]],"date-time":"2021-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632787200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":270,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004320","name":"Shiraz University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["9414"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["9414"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004320","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background and Aim<\/jats:italic>. The onset of autoimmune diseases is associated with the levels of sex hormones. Pemphigus vulgaris is an autoimmune disease with a higher prevalence in postmenopausal women. The present study is aimed at evaluating the sex hormones\u2019 levels in patients with pemphigus vulgaris in comparison to healthy controls. <jats:italic>Materials and Methods<\/jats:italic>. This cross\u2010sectional study was performed on patients with pemphigus vulgaris referred to Faghihi Hospital and Shiraz Dental Faculty in 2017\u20102018. The participants included 26 women with histopathologically confirmed pemphigus vulgaris and 26 healthy age\u2010matched controls. The serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle\u2010stimulating hormone (FSH), estrogen, progesterone, testosterone, prolactin, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) were evaluated in both groups. Independent <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010test and two\u2010way ANOVA were used for data analysis. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. The mean age of the patients was 49.88 \u00b1 10.46 years and that of the control group was 49.92 \u00b1 11.30 years. Unlike the case group, the DHEA serum level was significantly higher among nonmenopausal participants in the control group. Moreover, the levels of testosterone and DHEA were significantly lower in the case group in comparison to the control group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.015 and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.026, respectively). <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. Considering the effects of age and menopause, the serum levels of testosterone and DHEA were significantly lower in the patients with pemphigus vulgaris than in the healthy controls. Hence, these hormones might have a role in the pathogenesis of pemphigus vulgaris.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/9947706","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,29]],"date-time":"2021-09-29T00:33:34Z","timestamp":1632875614000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Evaluation of Sex Hormone Levels in Patients with Pemphigus Vulgaris in Comparison to the Healthy Population"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8896-1225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Lavaee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9466-8321","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fahimeh","family":"Rezazadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9795-6898","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nasrin","family":"Saki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6284-1647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zahra","family":"Tavazo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3421-8844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saman","family":"Baghaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-015-0541-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08916934.2012.697593"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-9740.2006.03756.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2015.09.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2010.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-02951-3.50045-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","first-page":"26","article-title":"Oral manifestations and dental treatment in menopause","volume":"7","author":"Frutos R.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Medicina oral: organo oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Medicina Oral y de la Academia Iberoamericana de Patologia y Medicina Bucal"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","first-page":"1620","article-title":"Onset of symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis in relation to age, sex and menopausal transition","volume":"17","author":"Goemaere S.","year":"1990","journal-title":"The Journal of Rheumatology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03009740600844498"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2005.039404"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-0106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","first-page":"2413","article-title":"Are women with Sj\u00f6gren\u2032s syndrome androgen-deficient?","volume":"30","author":"Sullivan D. 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