{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T01:35:06Z","timestamp":1789608906871,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]],"date-time":"2021-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622592000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Interventional Cardiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background. To validate a simplified invasive method for the calculation of the index of microvascular resistance (IMR). Methods. This is a prospective, single-center study of patients with chronic coronary syndromes presenting with nonobstructive coronary artery disease. IMR was obtained using both intravenous (IV) adenosine and intracoronary (IC) papaverine. Each IMR measurement was obtained in duplicate. The primary objective was the agreement between IMR acquired using adenosine and papaverine. Secondary objectives include reproducibility of IMR and time required for the IMR measurement. Results. One hundred and sixteen IMR measurements were performed in 29 patients. The mean age was 68.8\u2009\u00b1\u20097.24 years, and 27.6% was diabetics. IMR values were similar between papaverine and adenosine (17.7\u2009\u00b1\u20097.26 and 20.1\u2009\u00b1\u20098.6, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\">\n                        <a:mi>p<\/a:mi>\n                        <a:mo>=<\/a:mo>\n                        <a:mn>0.25<\/a:mn>\n                     <\/a:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>; Passing-Bablok coefficient A 0.58, 95% CI \u22122.42 to 3.53; coefficient B 0.90, 95% CI \u22120.74 to 1.07). The reproducibility of IMR was excellent with both adenosine and papaverine (ICC 0.78, 95% CI 0.63 to 0.88 and ICC 0.93, 95% CI 0.87 to 0.97). The time needed for microvascular assessment was significantly shortened by the use of IC papaverine (3.23 (2.84, 3.78) mins vs. 5.48 (4.94, 7.09) mins, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <c:math xmlns:c=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\">\n                        <c:mi>p<\/c:mi>\n                        <c:mo>&lt;<\/c:mo>\n                        <c:mn>0.0001<\/c:mn>\n                     <\/c:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). Conclusion. IMR can be reliably measured using IC papaverine with similar results compared to intravenous infusion of adenosine with increased reproducibility and reduced procedural time. This approach simplifies the invasive assessment of the coronary microcirculation in the catheterization laboratory.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/9971874","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]],"date-time":"2021-06-02T23:48:51Z","timestamp":1622677731000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Simplified Assessment of the Index of Microvascular Resistance"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"given":"Monika","family":"Kodeboina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Aalst, OLV Clinic, Aalst, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University Federico II, Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sakura","family":"Nagumo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Aalst, OLV Clinic, Aalst, Belgium"},{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8951-4504","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Daniel","family":"Munhoz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Aalst, OLV Clinic, Aalst, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University Federico II, Naples, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Discipline of Cardiology, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeroen","family":"Sonck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Aalst, OLV Clinic, Aalst, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University Federico II, Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niya","family":"Mileva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Aalst, OLV Clinic, Aalst, Belgium"},{"name":"Cardiology Clinic Alexandrovska University Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuele","family":"Gallinoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Aalst, OLV Clinic, Aalst, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Candreva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Aalst, OLV Clinic, Aalst, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takuya","family":"Mizukami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Aalst, OLV Clinic, Aalst, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederik","family":"Van Durme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Aalst, OLV Clinic, Aalst, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Heyse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Aalst, OLV Clinic, Aalst, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Wyffels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Aalst, OLV Clinic, Aalst, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Vanderheyden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Aalst, OLV Clinic, Aalst, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuele","family":"Barbato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Aalst, OLV Clinic, Aalst, 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