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However, the bioavailability of BBR is extremely low, and its metabolites were perceived to contribute to its prominent pharmacological activities. Oxyberberine (OBB) is a gut metabolite of BBR, which has been reported to have a superior anti-inflammatory effect in experimental colitis. However, its anti-inflammatory effects against 5-FU-induced IM mice have not yet been investigated. Hence, the purpose of this study was to reveal the protective effects of OBB on IM induced by 5-FU and investigate its potential underlying mechanism. The IM mice model was induced by receiving 5-FU (60\u2009mg\/kg, i.p.) for five days. Meanwhile, BBR (50\u2009mg\/kg) and OBB (12.5, 25, and 50\u2009mg\/kg) were given prior to 30\u2009min intraperitoneal injection of 5-FU for seven days. Results indicated that OBB ameliorated body weight loss, anorexia, diarrhea, and histopathological damage in 5-FU-induced IM mice. After OBB administration, the amounts of MDA, SOD, and GSH altered by IM were remarkably restored. OBB was also observed to dramatically decrease the levels of TNF-\u03b1, IL-8, IL-6, COX-2, and iNOS and promote the release of IL-10. Besides, OBB distinctly upregulated the mRNA expressions of PCNA, ZO-1, occludin, and mucin-1, which could improve intestinal homeostasis in IM mice. OBB also blocked the activation of the upstream TLR4\/MyD88 signaling pathway, and then it inhibited the phosphorylation of the NF-\u03baB and MAPK pathways. Importantly, compared with BBR, OBB displayed a superior therapeutic effect to BBR in alleviating 5-FU-induced IM mice. These results indicated that OBB has considerable potential to become a novel candidate drug against IM.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/1238358","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,30]],"date-time":"2022-05-30T21:50:06Z","timestamp":1653947406000},"page":"1-15","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Protective Effects of Oxyberberine in 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Intestinal Mucositis in the Mice Model"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"given":"Ronglei","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaoxiang","family":"Ai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, 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