{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T07:57:52Z","timestamp":1772092672683,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,17]],"date-time":"2022-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642377600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The term \u201cneurodegenerative disease\u201d refers to a set of illnesses that primarily affect brain\u2019s neurons. Substantia nigra (a midbrain dopaminergic nucleus) with lack of hormone called dopamine causes Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD), a neurological disorder. PD leads to tremor, stiffness, impaired posture and balance, and loss of automatic movements. Patient with Parkinson\u2019s often develops a parkinsonian gait that includes a tendency to lean forward, small quick steps as if hurrying forward, and reduced swinging of the arms. They also may have trouble initiating or continuing movement. Gait analysis is often used to diagnose neurodegenerative illnesses and determine their stage. In this study, we attempt to investigate postural balance, and of gait signals for Parkinson\u2019s patients, also, we incorporate interim rehabilitation technique. We included 25 PD patients who had 2.5 to 3 IV score of Hoehn and Yahr scale. A ten-minute walk test has been performed to observe primary and secondary results of dual task interference on gait velocities, and gait time motion vector for right and left legs was observed. Two experimental ground conditions include three conditions of trunk alignment, that is, erect on a regular basis (RE), trunk dorsiflexion 30\u00b0 (TF1), and trunk dorsiflexion 50\u00b0 (TF2) were analysed. We identified the walking speed of PD patients was decreased, and trunk dorsiflexion variables influence the gait pattern of Parkinson\u2019s disease patients, where higher 95% CI for TF1 condition was reported. The regular erect trunk showed swing time reduction (0.7%) in PD, so the higher unified PD rating scale (UPDRS) values have significant difference in swing phase time in Parkinson\u2019s patients. The average Hoehn and Yahr scale (H&amp;Y scale) was <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\">\n                        <a:mn>4.3<\/a:mn>\n                        <a:mo>\u00b1<\/a:mo>\n                        <a:mn>2.5<\/a:mn>\n                     <\/a:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula> reported in the study participants. In a 10-week follow-up evaluation, the stance duration was shown to be substantial, as was the slower speed gait in the baseline condition. Excessive flexion was discovered in our investigation at the lower limb joints, particularly the knee and ankle. Patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease had similar maximum dorsiflexion and minimum plantarflexion values in stance. The trunk fraction conditions were found significant in patients after rehabilitation training. The best response to rehabilitation treatment was seen when the trunk was rotated. When steps and posture distribution analysis performed, we found that the trunk flexure 1 (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <c:math xmlns:c=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\">\n                        <c:mi>p<\/c:mi>\n                        <c:mo>&lt;<\/c:mo>\n                        <c:mn>0.05<\/c:mn>\n                     <\/c:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>), and trunk flexure 2 (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <e:math xmlns:e=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\">\n                        <e:mi>p<\/e:mi>\n                        <e:mo>&lt;<\/e:mo>\n                        <e:mn>0.01<\/e:mn>\n                     <\/e:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>) were shown significant values. When GRF threshold characteristics are employed, mean accuracy improves by 52%. Regardless of gait posture, the step regular trunk flexure had significantly higher posture than the corresponding level steps, with a considerable rise in the 50 in trunk dorsiflexion 2 gait relative to the step \u201cL.\u201d This study shows that there was some significant improvement observed in the gait parameters among patients with PD\u2019s which shows positive impact of the intervention. Furthermore, rehabilitation programmes can aid and improve poor gait features in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease, especially those who are in the early stages of the condition. This gait and balance research provides a rationale for intervention treatments, and their use in clinical practise enhances evidence of therapeutic efficacy. However, prolonged follow-up is needed to determine whether the advantages will remain all across disease\u2019s course, and future studies may recommend a specific rehabilitation technique based on gait analysis results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/1636263","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,17]],"date-time":"2022-01-17T20:50:08Z","timestamp":1642452608000},"page":"1-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Force Platform-Based Intervention Program for Individuals Suffering with Neurodegenerative Diseases like Parkinson"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5658-5621","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Javed Ahmed","family":"Ujjan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Sciences & Technology, Northwest A & F University, China"},{"name":"Department of Zoology, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5272-0021","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"William","family":"Morani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9296-068X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Naz","family":"Memon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5951-1572","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sugumar","family":"Mohanasundaram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College, Enathur, Kanchipuram, Tamilnadu, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7868-5113","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shibili","family":"Nuhmani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3262-1894","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bhupesh Kumar","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arba Minch Institute of Technology, Arba Minch University, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000517901"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3881\/j.issn.1000-503X.13146"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra022366"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2021.147639"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-80768-2"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27193"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physiol.00034.2015"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/wje-10-2020-0533"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.51.6.745"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002350"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41531-020-00119-w"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13198-021-01263-z"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/7608296"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(19)30044-4"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11138\/FNeur\/2017.32.1.028"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-016-0719-y"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s140203362"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-88877-2"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.50.2.318"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.55.3.181"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20070205"},{"key":"22","first-page":"554","article-title":"Reliability and validity of Korean version of Falls Efficacy Scale-International (KFES-I)","volume":"34","author":"G. 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