{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T19:25:16Z","timestamp":1791919516299,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,20]],"date-time":"2022-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642636800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019A1515011054"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019A1515011054"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81803875"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81803875"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81873142"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81873142"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The incidence of CKD seriously endangers people\u2019s health. Researchers have proposed that improving the intestinal barrier damage in CKD may be an effective target for delaying the progression of CKD. Rhubarb can effectively improve the intestinal barrier and renal fibrosis, which may be related to the regulation of gut dysbiosis, but the mechanism needs to be further studied. Short\u2010chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are important metabolites of the gut microbiota and play an important role in maintaining the intestinal barrier. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether rhubarb enema regulates the production of short\u2010chain fatty acid\u2010related gut microbiota and improves the intestinal barrier damage of CKD. 5\/6 nephrectomy rats were used as the animal model, sevelamer was used as the positive control group, and the sham operation rats were used as the control group. After 4 weeks of enema treatment, the general clinical indicators, short\u2010chain fatty acid levels, renal pathology, intestinal tissue pathology, intestinal tight junction protein, and changes in gut microbiota were detected. The results showed that rhubarb enema can increase the level of short\u2010chain fatty acids in the 5\/6 nephrectomy model rats, improve the intestinal barrier damage, inhibit the decrease of intestinal tight junction proteins, reduce inflammation levels, improve kidney pathology, reduce blood creatinine levels, and regulate the intestinal tract, the abundance, and composition of the flora. Further correlation analysis showed that rhubarb enema increased the level of short\u2010chain fatty acids in 5\/6 nephrectomy model rats, which may be related to the 7 strains that may regulate the production of short\u2010chain fatty acids. This study indicated that rhubarb enema can improve the intestinal barrier damage of 5\/6 nephrectomy model rats and improve CKD, which may be related to the regulation of short\u2010chain fatty acid\u2010producing gut microbiota.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/1896781","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,20]],"date-time":"2022-01-20T22:20:38Z","timestamp":1642717238000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Rhubarb Enema Increasing Short\u2010Chain Fatty Acids that Improves the Intestinal Barrier Disruption in CKD May Be Related to the Regulation of Gut Dysbiosis"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1187-143X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chunlan","family":"Ji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5300-6092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fuhua","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4974-0758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuchi","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8989-6127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhaoyu","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4926-2904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yenan","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1190-9634","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lijuan","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7952-4346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qizhan","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0931-4925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xusheng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3182-7276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chuan","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfz174"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfy172"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-019-0172-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-018-0018-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.05.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2012.156"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1241165"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-18262-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2015111285"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000343886"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins10070298"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2016.06.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20190171"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-020-1485-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11655-013-1351-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_2","first-page":"1595","article-title":"Study on the treatment of type 2 diabetic nephropathy with rhubarb-based traditional Chinese medicine enema","volume":"26","author":"Guo J.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clinical Focus"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_2","first-page":"25","article-title":"Clinical observation on chronic renal failure treated by colon dialysis with traditional Chinese medicine","volume":"1","author":"Zheng C.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Health Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_2","first-page":"1650","article-title":"Meta-analysis on the treatment of chronic renal failure by enema with traditional Chinese medicine compound","volume":"35","author":"Zheng H.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Liaoning Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0144726"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.01092"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000319850"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v22.i37.8322"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201801187"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0366-6999.205855"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v23.i42.7505"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_2","first-page":"1010","article-title":"The intestinal microbiota, a leaky gut, and abnormal immunity in kidney disease","volume":"83","author":"Anders H. J.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.2020.1744335"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.37421"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2019.03.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2014.14"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00889-14"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00071660903394455"}],"container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2022\/1896781.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2022\/1896781.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2022\/1896781","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T16:10:40Z","timestamp":1735661440000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2022\/1896781"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Yoshiyuki","family":"Morishita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2022\/1896781"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2022\/1896781","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2314-6133","2314-6141"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2314-6133","type":"print"},{"value":"2314-6141","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-09-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-12-11","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-01-20","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"1896781"}}