{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T14:26:15Z","timestamp":1740147975909,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,3]],"date-time":"2022-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654214400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81603447"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81603447"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The objective of this research was to explore the effect of the treatment regimen of Spiriva combined with Symbicort on the immune function of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) based on computed tomography (CT) imaging features. An automatic CT image segmentation algorithm (RW-CT) was constructed based on random walk (RW) and image segmentation technology. The image segmentation algorithm based on the Toboggan method (C-CT) was introduced to compare with the traditional RW algorithm. 60 subjects were divided into four groups: a Chinese combined with Western medicine group (treated with Spiriva combined with Symbicort, group C+W), a Chinese medicine group (treated with Spiriva, group C), a Western medicine group (treated with Symbicort, group W), and a model group for control (group M). The results show that the Dice coefficient of the RW-CT algorithm was obviously larger than that of the C-CT algorithm and the RW algorithm, while the Hausdorff distance (HD) of the RW-CT algorithm was much smaller than that of the other two algorithms (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\">\n                        <a:mi>P<\/a:mi>\n                        <a:mo>&lt;<\/a:mo>\n                        <a:mn>0.05<\/a:mn>\n                     <\/a:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). The proportion of positive cells of hypoxia-inducible factor-1\u03b1 (HIF-1\u03b1) in group C+W was the least (15%-23%), followed by the group W (21%-29%) and the group C (28%-37%), and that in the group M was the highest (39%-49%). There was a remarkable difference in the immunohistochemical scores (HIS) of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the tumor tissues between group C+W and the group M (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <c:math xmlns:c=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\">\n                        <c:mi>H<\/c:mi>\n                        <c:mo>=<\/c:mo>\n                        <c:mn>14.200<\/c:mn>\n                     <\/c:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <e:math xmlns:e=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\">\n                        <e:mi>P<\/e:mi>\n                        <e:mo>=<\/e:mo>\n                        <e:mn>0.001<\/e:mn>\n                     <\/e:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>), but there was no great difference from the group C and the group W (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <g:math xmlns:g=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\">\n                        <g:mi>P<\/g:mi>\n                        <g:mo>&gt;<\/g:mo>\n                        <g:mn>0.05<\/g:mn>\n                     <\/g:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). There was a notable difference in the IHS of vascular endothelial factor recepto-2 (VEGFR-2) between the group C+W medication group and the group M (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <i:math xmlns:i=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\">\n                        <i:mi>H<\/i:mi>\n                        <i:mo>=<\/i:mo>\n                        <i:mn>12.800<\/i:mn>\n                     <\/i:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <k:math xmlns:k=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M6\">\n                        <k:mi>P<\/k:mi>\n                        <k:mo>=<\/k:mo>\n                        <k:mn>0.002<\/k:mn>\n                     <\/k:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>), and there was no statistical difference between the group C and W (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <m:math xmlns:m=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M7\">\n                        <m:mi>P<\/m:mi>\n                        <m:mo>&gt;<\/m:mo>\n                        <m:mn>0.05<\/m:mn>\n                     <\/m:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). In short, the RW-CT constructed based on RW was better than the traditional algorithms for CT image segmentation. The Spiriva combined with Symbicort could effectively inhibit the expression of VEGF, VEGFR-2, and HIF-1\u03b1 in NSCLC and promote the immunologic function of the body.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/1986647","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,3]],"date-time":"2022-06-03T22:50:06Z","timestamp":1654296606000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Random Walk Algorithm-Based Computer Tomography (CT) Image Segmentation Analysis Effect of Spiriva Combined with Symbicort on Immunologic Function of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9909-0656","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xiaodan","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0282-6239","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3385-7134","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mianjie","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory, Graduate School of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3017-8198","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zengtao","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-019-5646-9"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diii.2016.06.020"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-18-2495"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2018180910"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2019.06.025"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26355\/eurrev_201801_14110"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.19.21485"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/XST-190526"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.19.00934"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCBB.2020.2994780"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2018.06.038"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2021.714318"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.582480"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-17-2507"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mc.22923"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-017-3762-9"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115336"}],"container-title":["Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/cmmm\/2022\/1986647.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/cmmm\/2022\/1986647.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/cmmm\/2022\/1986647.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,3]],"date-time":"2022-06-03T22:50:10Z","timestamp":1654296610000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/cmmm\/2022\/1986647\/"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Ahmed Faeq","family":"Hussein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,3]]},"references-count":17,"alternative-id":["1986647","1986647"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2022\/1986647","relation":{},"ISSN":["1748-6718","1748-670X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1748-6718"},{"type":"print","value":"1748-670X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,3]]}}}