{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T13:20:57Z","timestamp":1753881657612,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]],"date-time":"2022-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664236800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":269,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Contrast Media &amp; Molecular Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>. To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) granules associated with hormones when treating primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) in children. <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. Search online databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, China Knowledge Network Database (CNKI), China VIP Database, Wanfang Database, and China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) to search for information on the use of hormone\u2010related Chinese medicine granules in the treatment of children with PNS controlled trials. Retrieval time was limited to the period from the date the database was established to the present. Separately, two researchers gathered the data. Statistical software RevMan5.4 was adopted to estimate bias risk in accordance with the Cochrane Handbook 5.3 standard. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. Finally, 7 articles were selected with a total sample size of 487 cases. The infection rate, recurrence rate, and adverse reaction rate after treatment were analyzed by meta\u2010analysis. The infection rate and recurrence rate in the study group were notably lower, and the difference was statistically significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). However, the incidence of adverse reactions exhibited not notably different (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). The levels of albumin and blood cholesterol after treatment indicated no statistical difference between the levels (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). Meta\u2010analysis was performed on the time to negative urine protein and the time to edema subsidence after treatment. The urine protein negative time and edema subsidence time of the study group were shorter after treatment, but the difference exhibited not notable (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). Meta\u2010analysis was performed on the dosage of glucocorticoids after treatment. The dosage of glucocorticoid in the study group was notably lower, and the difference was statistically significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The levels of T lymphocytes after treatment were analyzed by meta. T lymphoid level in the study group was notably better after treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Further subgroup analysis indicated that the levels of CD3+ and CD4+ in the study group were higher after treatment (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), and there exhibited no statistical difference in the levels of CD8+, CD4\/CD8+, and CD19 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). Immunoglobulin levels in the study group after treatment were notably better, and the difference was statistically significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Further subgroup analysis indicated that the levels of IgA, IgM, and IgG in the study group were notably higher after treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. Huai Qi Huang can reduce the recurrence rate of PNS children and the incidence of infection and the dosage of prednisone. A long\u2010term application can improve the cellular and humoral immune function of children with PNS. It has high treatment safety and has no notable effect on plasma cholesterol levels, so it is suitable for clinical application.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/2520367","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,28]],"date-time":"2022-09-28T00:35:19Z","timestamp":1664325319000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Systematic Review of the Efficacy and Safety of Traditional Chinese Medicine Granules Associated with Hormone When Treating Primary Nephrotic Syndrome in Children"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9531-8585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semerg.2019.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pop.2020.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/2175-8239-JBN-2020-0050"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/children8060494"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/asn.2020111583"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2019.05.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-020-02058-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","first-page":"137","article-title":"Application 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prednisone when treating PNS in children","volume":"39","author":"Liu Y.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Youjiang Medical College for nationalities"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_2","first-page":"31","article-title":"A prospective randomized controlled clinical study of Huaiqihuang granule when treating PNS in children [J]","volume":"17","author":"Geng H.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_2","first-page":"971","article-title":"The correlation between gut microbiota dysbiosis and PNS in children[J]","volume":"36","author":"Tingting Q.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Medica Mediterranea"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/sji.12629"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_2","first-page":"64","article-title":"Progress in clinical application of Huaiqihuang granule in pediatrics [J]","volume":"33","author":"Hu T.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Tianjin 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pneumonia of qi-yin deficiency syndrome [J]","volume":"28","author":"Zhao M.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Contemporary medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_2","first-page":"59","article-title":"Changes of serum protein and blood lipid in children with PNS before and after hormone treatment [J]","volume":"49","author":"Ren Na","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Shanxi Medical University"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_2","first-page":"364","article-title":"Analysis of etiological composition of children with primary nephritic NS-- discussion on clinical classification of PNS in children in China [J]","volume":"13","author":"Zhang H.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of evidence-based Pediatrics"}],"container-title":["Contrast Media &amp; Molecular 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