{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T07:20:24Z","timestamp":1767165624531,"version":"build-2238731810"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]],"date-time":"2022-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649808000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":102,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Tamoxifen is the most common adjuvant that has been widely used in the treatment of positive estrogen receptor (ER+) breast cancer for over 20 years. However, long term exposure to tamoxifen doubles the risk of endometrial cancer. The association of tamoxifen with antiproliferative substances could abrogate its side effects on the endometrium. Recently, we demonstrated that ethanol\u2010extracted Cameroonian propolis (EECP) has chemopreventive effects on ER+\u2009breast cancer in rats. This study evaluated the capability of EECP to counteract tamoxifen\u2010induced endometrial hyperplasia, without altering its effect on the breast. Thirty\u2010six rats of \u223c2 months were coadministered either EECP (16.5, 50, and 150\u2009mg\/kg BW) or fulvestrant (300\u2009\n                    <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>\n                    g\/kg BW) and tamoxifen (10\u2009mg\/kg BW) for 8 weeks. Afterward, the relative weights and histomorphometry of the uterus, vagina, ovaries, and mammary gland were assessed. The expression of some proteins of proliferation (PCNA), angiogenesis (VEGF), and apoptosis (Bax, Bcl\u20102, and caspase\u20103) was measured by immunohistochemistry. Rats that received only tamoxifen had endometrial hyperplasia compared to normal rats. EECP and fulvestrant protected the rats against tamoxifen\u2010induced endometrial hyperplasia. A significant decrease in uterine wet weight (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.01); endometrial height (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.001); and expression of PCNA, Bcl\u20102, and VEGF proteins as well as a significant increase in the expression of Bax and caspase\u20103 proteins was observed in the EECP group compared to the Tamox group. EECP did not change the effects of tamoxifen on the breast. In summary, Cameroonian propolis which is efficacious in preventing breast cancer can also be a good complementary medicine to prevent tamoxifen\u2010induced endometrial cancer in tamoxifen users.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/2684742","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]],"date-time":"2022-04-13T12:35:08Z","timestamp":1649853308000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Ethanol\u2010Extracted Cameroonian Propolis Counteracts Tamoxifen\u2010Induced Endometrial Hyperplasia by Modulating Apoptosis and Proliferation\u2010Regulating Proteins in Intact Wistar Rats"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"given":"Charline Florence","family":"Awounfack","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4854-8783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"St\u00e9phane","family":"Zingu\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Koumabas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alain Brice","family":"Tueche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charlotte Mungho","family":"Tata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernand-Nestor","family":"Tchuenguem Fohouo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1358-8221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dieudonn\u00e9","family":"Njamen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4055-2304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Derek Tantoh","family":"Ndinteh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.32193"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2021.39.182.26866"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jir.2014.0026"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-017-4292-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djk050"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-18234-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13596-020-00443-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemphyslip.2017.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jip.2014.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2017.03.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2006.03.045"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2009.07.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_2","first-page":"56","article-title":"Antiradical activity and polyphenol content of ethanolic extracts of Propolis","volume":"2","author":"Njintang Y. 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