{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T11:03:11Z","timestamp":1787655791385,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,29]],"date-time":"2022-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643414400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003718","name":"Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KSN2021210"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KSN2021210"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003718","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background. Herbal medicine is widely used for the treatment of functional dyspepsia (FD) in East Asian countries. We aimed to analyze the prescription patterns of herbal medicine for patients with FD in Korean medicine clinical settings through the analysis of national health insurance claims data over the past 10 years and to check how herbal medicine has been used for FD within the scope of national health insurance. Methods. All prescription data claimed to the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service with the diagnosis of FD and herbal medicine prescriptions in 2010\u20132019 were reviewed. We estimated the demographics, clinical characteristics, and annual prescription amount and cost of each herbal medicine. Frequent comorbidities of FD were investigated by analyzing the frequency of the Korean standard classification of diseases codes used together with FD. Results. In total, 19,388,248 herbal medicine prescriptions were identified. Herbal medicine prescriptions were mostly claimed by women, the elderly, outpatients at Korean medicine clinics, and national health insurance; the number increased every year. The most frequently prescribed herbal medicine was Pingwei-san (Pyeongwi-san) (31.12%), followed by Xiangshapingwei-san (Hyangsapyeongwi-san) (23.20%), Qiongxia-tang (Gungha-tang) (6.31%), and Banxiaxiexin-tang (Banhasasim-tang) (6.25%). The total cost of herbal medicine prescriptions increased every year, and it was highest for Xiangshapingwei-san (Hyangsapyeongwi-san) (19.37%), followed by Banxiaxiexin-tang (Banhasasim-tang) (17.50%) and then Pingwei-san (Pyeongwi-san) (15.63%). Musculoskeletal and connective tissue diseases including low back pain and myalgia were the commonest comorbidities associated with FD. Conclusion. This is the first study to investigate the disease burden and actual prescription pattern of herbal medicine for FD using claim data. Future clinical research and related healthcare policies should be established based on our study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/3306420","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,29]],"date-time":"2022-01-29T17:50:06Z","timestamp":1643478606000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Herbal Medicine Prescriptions for Functional Dyspepsia: A Nationwide Population-Based Study in Korea"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1679-0644","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Boram","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1784-793X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Eun Kyoung","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KM Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1277-3329","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Changsop","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.02.011"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(18)30003-7"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2014-307843"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-018-0913-z"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2011.05.021"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30469-4"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2011.10.009"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2050640617724061"},{"key":"9","article-title":"Healthcare Bigdata Hub. Statistics of frequent diseases","author":"Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service","year":"2021"},{"issue":"2","key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.4332\/KJHPA.2013.23.2.152","article-title":"Developing the inpatient sample for the National Health Insurance claims data","volume":"23","author":"L. Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Health Policy and Management"},{"key":"11","first-page":"32","article-title":"Korean medicine clinical practice guideline for functional dyspepsia","author":"National Institute for Korean Medicine Development","year":"2020"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm18068"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-017-1969-8"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ncm.0000000000000025"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4235\/agmr.19.0013"},{"key":"16","unstructured":"JeongD. B.Analysis of the behavior of Korean medical doctors before and after upward revision of elderly outpatients copayment system2017Seoul, South KoreaThe Graduate School of Seoul National University.Master\u2019s Thesis"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imr.2020.100458"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.682783"},{"issue":"2","key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.15429\/jkomor.2015.15.2.68","article-title":"Effects of traditional Chinese herbal medicine Shengmai-san and Pyungwi-san on gastrointestinal motility in mice","volume":"15","author":"M. C. Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research"},{"key":"20","first-page":"427","article-title":"Experimental studies on the efficacy of Pyungwee-san, Hyangsapyungwee-san And Bylwhangumchunggl-san","volume-title":"Kyung Hee Unicersity Oriental Medical Journal","author":"I. K. Chang","year":"1990"},{"key":"21","first-page":"396","article-title":"Effect of Pingwei powder on gastric dynamics of intractable functional dyspepsia","volume-title":"Clinical Journal of Anhui Traditional Chinese Medicne","author":"B. Yuan","year":"2003"},{"key":"22","first-page":"191","article-title":"A selective effect of combined treatment of electroacupuncture at Zusanli(ST36), manual acupuncture, and Pyengwisan in function dyspepsia patients with pyloric valve disturbance and hypoactivity of gastric vagus nerve","volume-title":"The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine","author":"S. Y. Kim","year":"2009"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cger.2010.03.002"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0034-8910.2015049005874"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1756284818785573"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcma.2017.12.008"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/429103"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6882-13-54"},{"key":"29","first-page":"2195","article-title":"Efficacy of Rikkunshito, a traditional Japanese medicine (Kampo), in treating functional dyspepsia","volume-title":"Internal Medicine","author":"H. Kusunoki","year":"2010"},{"key":"30","first-page":"950","article-title":"Randomized clinical trial: rikkunshito in the treatment of functional dyspepsia--a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study","volume-title":"Neuro-Gastroenterology and Motility","author":"H. 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