{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T15:49:49Z","timestamp":1769096989866,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,15]],"date-time":"2022-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":287,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002767","name":"Department of Science and Technology of Hunan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022JJ40205"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022JJ40205"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002767","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002767","name":"Department of Science and Technology of Hunan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018SK2135"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018SK2135"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002767","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. Sepsis can lead to multiple organ damage, of which the heart is one of the most vulnerable organs. Vagal nerve stimulation can reduce myocardial injury in sepsis and improve survival rates. However, the potential impact of low\u2010level tragus stimulation and disparate cell populations on sepsis\u2010induced myocardial dysfunction remains undetermined. <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. A cardiac single\u2010cell transcriptomic approach was used for characterizing cardiac cell populations that form the heart. Single\u2010cell mRNA sequencing data were used for selecting all cardiac macrophages from CD45<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> cells. Then, echocardiography, western blot, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry were performed to verify the single\u2010cell mRNA sequencing results. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. Using single\u2010cell mRNA sequencing data, we uncovered the multiple cell populations contributing to myocardial injury in sepsis under low\u2010level tragus stimulation, thereby illustrating a comprehensive map of the cardiac cellular landscape. Pseudotiming analysis in single\u2010cell sequencing showed that low\u2010level vagal nerve stimulation played an anti\u2010inflammatory role by promoting cardiac monocytes into M2 macrophages, which significantly increased <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>7nAChR expression in heart tissues. Echocardiography assessment indicated that low\u2010level vagal nerve stimulation could also improve cardiac functions in mice with sepsis\u2010induced myocardial dysfunction. In addition, the heart tissues of mice from the sepsis group with low\u2010level tragus stimulation had significantly lower interleukin\u20101<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> expression levels than those from the sepsis group. Flow cytometry analysis showed that different acetylcholine concentrations promoted cardiac monocytes into M2 macrophages in <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> experiments. <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. Low\u2010level tragus stimulation could improve sepsis\u2010induced myocardial dysfunction by promoting cardiac monocytes to M2 macrophages.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/3327583","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,15]],"date-time":"2022-10-15T20:20:09Z","timestamp":1665865209000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["[Retracted] Single\u2010Cell Transcriptional Profiling Reveals Low\u2010Level Tragus Stimulation Improves Sepsis\u2010Induced Myocardial Dysfunction by Promoting M2 Macrophage Polarization"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6148-8570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yufan","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Longlong","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yinghui","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haipeng","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiaotian","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6308-9688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhenghui","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8272-0903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiulan","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.08.1037"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-4685-gmb-2020-0009"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd1797"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13678"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.114.001564"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2017.04.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gku555"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2015.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvz336"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2008.214"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2012.11.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202103675"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_2","first-page":"2762","article-title":"Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation reduces serum high mobility group box 1 levels and improves survival in murine sepsis","volume":"35","author":"Huston J. 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