{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T04:18:19Z","timestamp":1791346699732,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]],"date-time":"2022-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668729600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Female genital tuberculosis is a disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in the female reproductive tract. The disease burden among women leads to infertility is significant, especially in developing countries. The bacteria can spread from the lung into the reproductive organ through lymphatic or hematogenous. Many patients present with atypical symptoms, which mimic other gynecological conditions. Several investigations are needed to establish the diagnosis. Almost all cases of genital TB affect the fallopian tube and cause infertility in patients and endometrial involvement. Current treatment still relies on antituberculosis therapy with a combination of tubal surgery. The present review describes the epidemiological data, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and currently available treatment to cure the disease and for in vitro fertilization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/3548190","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]],"date-time":"2022-11-18T19:50:08Z","timestamp":1668801008000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Female Genital Tuberculosis: Clinical Presentation, Current Diagnosis, and Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2192-3459","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dian","family":"Tjahyadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia"},{"name":"Bandung Fertility Center, Limijati Women and Children Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7985-900X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bejo","family":"Ropii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering Research Group, School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5223-0444","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kevin Dominique","family":"Tjandraprawira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia"},{"name":"Bandung Fertility Center, Limijati Women and Children Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9700-589X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ida","family":"Parwati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5165-6371","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tono","family":"Djuwantono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3275-7521","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wiryawan","family":"Permadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0554-2031","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tinchiu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assisted Reproductive Technology Unit Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Central Ave, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6811a3"},{"key":"2","volume-title":"Global tuberculosis report 2020","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2020"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-1591.42618"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jscr\/rjz083"},{"issue":"6","key":"5","first-page":"581","article-title":"Investigation of the prevalence of female genital tract tuberculosis and its relation to female infertility:an observational analytical study","volume":"10","author":"S. 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