{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T23:33:45Z","timestamp":1782171225160,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":107,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]],"date-time":"2022-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642032000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The recent global health problem, COVID\u201019, has had far\u2010reaching impacts on lifestyles. Although many effective WHO\u2010approved vaccines have been produced that have reduced the spread and severity of the disease, it appears to persist in humans for a long time and possibly forever as everyday it turns out to have new mutations. COVID\u201019 involves the lungs and other organs primarily through cytokine storms, which have been implicated in many other inflammatory disorders, including periodontal diseases. COVID\u201019 is in a close association with dental and periodontal practice from two respects: first, repeated mandatory lockdowns have reduced patient referrals to dentists and limited the dental and periodontal procedures to emergency treatments, whereas it is important to recognize the oral manifestations of COVID\u201019 as well as the influence of oral and periodontal disease on the severity of COVID\u201019. Second, dentistry is one of the high\u2010risk professions in terms of close contact with unmasked individuals, necessitating redefining the principles of infection control. The pressures of the economic recession on patients as well as dentists add to the difficulty of resuming elective dental services. Therefore, this study is divided into two parts corresponding to what mentioned above: the first part examines the clinical and immunological associations between COVID\u201019 and periodontal and oral diseases, and the second part delineates the measures needed to control the disease transmission in dental clinics as well as the economic impact of the pandemic era on dental services.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/3918980","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,14]],"date-time":"2022-01-14T08:05:08Z","timestamp":1642147508000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["COVID\u201019 Pandemic and Periodontal Practice: The Immunological, Clinical, and Economic Points of View"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5142-8125","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meshkat Naeimi","family":"Darestani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2713-9534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amir","family":"Akbari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8174-3364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siamak","family":"Yaghobee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4001-1746","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mina","family":"Taheri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0996-057X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Solmaz","family":"Akbari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26232"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1753425915589387"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-7757-2020-0358"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-020-00646-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/dj8020053"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1807-3107bor-2020.vol34.0041"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Potential link between COVID-19 and periodontitis: cytokine storm, immunosuppression, and dysbiosis","volume":"20","author":"Fabri G. 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