{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T06:33:23Z","timestamp":1756190003490,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,26]],"date-time":"2022-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656201600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002383","name":"King Saud University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RSP2022R431"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RSP2022R431"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002383","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background. Constipation is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder. Medicines derived from nature are routinely used to treat it. The present study evaluates the gut stimulatory activity of Aloe musabbar (processed powder of Aloe vera) using in vitro and in vivo models for gut stimulatory activity. Materials and Methods. In vitro tests were conducted on isolated rat colon, guinea pig ileum, and rabbit jejunum, while in vivo study was performed using mice intestinal transit time. Aloe musabbar (A. musabbar) was tested at doses 0.2\u2013200\u2009mg\/mL (in-vitro study) and 86.6\u2009mg\/kg (in vivo study). In vitro studies were done in the presence and absence of atropine sulphate (1\u2009ng\/ml). The results were statistically analyzed, and <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\">\n                        <a:mi>p<\/a:mi>\n                        <a:mo>&lt;<\/a:mo>\n                        <a:mn>0.05<\/a:mn>\n                     <\/a:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula> was considered to indicate the significance. Results. A. musabbar exhibited dose-dependent increase in the smooth muscle contraction of isolated gut tissues. Presence of atropine minimized the contractile responses and shifted the dose-response curves towards the right-hand side. The intestinal transit time in mice was observed to be increased significantly (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <c:math xmlns:c=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\">\n                        <c:mi>p<\/c:mi>\n                        <c:mo>&lt;<\/c:mo>\n                        <c:mn>0.01<\/c:mn>\n                     <\/c:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>) in A. musabbar-treated animals, when compared with normal animals. Conclusion. A mild smooth muscle contraction induced by A. musabbar suggests that it can stimulate intestinal bowel movement without causing spasms. The diminished responses in the presence of atropine indicated that the gut stimulatory activity could be mediated partially through parasympathetic innervations. More studies are needed to determine the precise mechanism of action including the specific active ingredient responsible for the gut stimulatory activity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/4163008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,26]],"date-time":"2022-06-26T23:35:08Z","timestamp":1656286508000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Preclinical Studies to Evaluate the Gut Stimulatory Activity of Aloe Musabbar"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"given":"Vijayamahantesh K.","family":"Tandur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammed Naseeruddin","family":"Inamdar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9421-4127","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Raha","family":"Orfali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1533-9667","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin","family":"Asdaq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah, 13713 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6344-1071","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Syed Imam","family":"Rabbani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-021-01806-5"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/s2468-1253(21)00111-4"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"3","DOI":"10.1097\/md.0000000000010631"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"4","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-019-0222-y"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.16369"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"6","DOI":"10.1007\/s40199-019-00297-w"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"7","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2018.1496320"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"8","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25061324"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2019.152996"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"10","DOI":"10.4103\/2229-5119.86268"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2020.113411"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"12","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24081554"},{"year":"2001","article-title":"Preparation of physiological salt solution","key":"13"},{"volume-title":"Quality Control of Herbal Drugs an Approach to Evaluation of Botanicals","year":"2002","author":"P. 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