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However, effects of amisulpride on gut microbiota are poorly defined. This study was aimed at analyzing cytokines and fecal microbiota in patients with exacerbated symptoms of schizophrenia treated with amisulpride during four weeks of their hospital stay. In the present study, feces collected from patients with schizophrenia were analyzed using 16S rRNA pyrosequencing and bioinformatic analyses to ascertain gut microbiome composition and fasting peripheral blood cytokines. We found that patients undergoing treatment of schizophrenia with amisulpride had distinct changes in gut microbial composition at the genus level, increased levels of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria (Dorea and Butyricicoccus), and reduced levels of pathogenic bacteria (Actinomyces and Porphyromonas), but the level of Desulfovibrio was still high. We also found a significant downregulation of butanoate metabolism based on functional analysis of the microbiome. After treatment, elevated levels of interleukin- (IL-) 4 and decreased levels of IL-6 were found. Our findings extend prior work and suggest a possible pharmacological mechanism of amisulpride treatment for schizophrenia, which acts via mediation of the gut microbiome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/4262094","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T21:35:05Z","timestamp":1646516105000},"page":"1-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Analysis of Gut Microbiota in Patients with Exacerbated Symptoms of Schizophrenia following Therapy with Amisulpride: A Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"given":"Jinchi","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Third Hospital of Quanzhou, Quanzhou, 362000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5364-0210","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zeya","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Third Hospital of Quanzhou, Quanzhou, 362000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5767-3041","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chih-Yuan","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, China"},{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, China"},{"name":"School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China"},{"name":"Respiratory Medicine Center of Fujian Province, Quanzhou, 362000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jian-Hua","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tumor Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yichuan","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Third Hospital of Quanzhou, Quanzhou, 362000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinyi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Third Hospital of Quanzhou, Quanzhou, 362000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12296"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2019.12.011"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2020.02.010"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2018.01.002"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2019.112374"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aau8317"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-019-0475-4"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2019.06.039"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2015.08.003"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.3390\/nu7010017","article-title":"The impact of diet and lifestyle on gut microbiota and human health","volume":"7","author":"M. 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