{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T17:00:53Z","timestamp":1789923653761,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,13]],"date-time":"2022-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660348800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82172480"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82172480"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mediators of Inflammation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background. Inflammation has been considered to play an important role in the pathogenesis of the thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF). However, the inflammation-related risk factors of thoracic OLF have not been fully investigated to date. Methods. A total of 95 patients (48 in the OLF group and 47 in the control group) were included in this retrospective study to explore the independent risk factors of thoracic OLF. The following demographic and clinical variables were compared between the two groups: gender, age, body mass index (BMI), coexistence of hypertension or diabetes, and inflammation-related variables. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was utilized to determine the independent risk factors. Results. High systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) (\u2265621) (odds ratio<jats:inline-formula><a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><a:mfenced open=\"[\" close=\"]\"><a:mrow><a:mtext>OR<\/a:mtext><\/a:mrow><\/a:mfenced><a:mo>=<\/a:mo><a:mn>12.16<\/a:mn><\/a:math><\/jats:inline-formula>, 95% confidence interval<jats:inline-formula><e:math xmlns:e=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><e:mfenced open=\"[\" close=\"]\"><e:mrow><e:mtext>CI<\/e:mtext><\/e:mrow><\/e:mfenced><e:mo>=<\/e:mo><e:mn>2.95<\/e:mn><e:mo>\u2013<\/e:mo><e:mn>50.17<\/e:mn><\/e:math><\/jats:inline-formula>,<jats:inline-formula><i:math xmlns:i=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><i:mi>p<\/i:mi><i:mo>&lt;<\/i:mo><i:mn>0.01<\/i:mn><\/i:math><\/jats:inline-formula>) and BMI (\u226525\u2009kg\/m2) (<jats:inline-formula><k:math xmlns:k=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><k:mtext>OR<\/k:mtext><k:mo>=<\/k:mo><k:mn>9.17<\/k:mn><\/k:math><\/jats:inline-formula>,<jats:inline-formula><m:math xmlns:m=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\"><m:mn>95<\/m:mn><m:mi>%<\/m:mi><m:mtext>CI<\/m:mtext><m:mo>=<\/m:mo><m:mn>3.22<\/m:mn><m:mo>\u2013<\/m:mo><m:mn>26.08<\/m:mn><\/m:math><\/jats:inline-formula>,<jats:inline-formula><o:math xmlns:o=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M6\"><o:mi>p<\/o:mi><o:mo>&lt;<\/o:mo><o:mn>0.01<\/o:mn><\/o:math><\/jats:inline-formula>) were independent risk factors of thoracic OLF. SII (<jats:inline-formula><q:math xmlns:q=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M7\"><q:mi>R<\/q:mi><q:mo>=<\/q:mo><q:mn>0.38<\/q:mn><\/q:math><\/jats:inline-formula>,<jats:inline-formula><s:math xmlns:s=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M8\"><s:mi>p<\/s:mi><s:mo>&lt;<\/s:mo><s:mn>0.01<\/s:mn><\/s:math><\/jats:inline-formula>) and BMI (<jats:inline-formula><u:math xmlns:u=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M9\"><u:mi>R<\/u:mi><u:mo>=<\/u:mo><u:mn>0.46<\/u:mn><\/u:math><\/jats:inline-formula>,<jats:inline-formula><w:math xmlns:w=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M10\"><w:mi>p<\/w:mi><w:mo>&lt;<\/w:mo><w:mn>0.01<\/w:mn><\/w:math><\/jats:inline-formula>) were positively associated with OLF score. Conclusion. High SII and BMI were the independent risk factors of thoracic OLF. Multicenter prospective studies with a large population should be conducted in the future to verify our findings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/4300894","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,13]],"date-time":"2022-08-13T14:20:10Z","timestamp":1660400410000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["High Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and Body Mass Index Are Independent Risk Factors of the Thoracic Ossification of the Ligamentum Flavum"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3032-4765","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yongzhao","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jialiang","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuai","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9512-5436","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Weishi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-020-06520-6"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/os.12190"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2022.03.007"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-020-04913-2"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2022.101598"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4184\/asj.2014.8.1.89"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000004087"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/RMHP.S361730"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568220903766"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-019-2569-1"},{"issue":"6","key":"11","first-page":"582","article-title":"The roles of inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of ossification of ligamentum flavum","volume":"5","author":"L. 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