{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T02:49:35Z","timestamp":1747190975744,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,18]],"date-time":"2022-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642464000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In order to reach the intelligent recognition, the deep learning classifiers adopted by radar waveform are normally trained with transfer learning, where the pretrained convolutional neural network on an external large-scale classification dataset (e.g., ImageNet) is used as the backbone. Though transfer learning could effectively avoid overfitting, transferred models are usually redundant and might not generalize well. To eliminate the dependence on transfer learning and achieve high generalization ability, this paper introduced neural architecture search (NAS) to search the suitable classifier of radar waveforms for the first time. Firstly, one of the innovative technologies in NAS called differentiable architecture search (DARTS) was used to design the classifier for 15 kinds of low probability intercept radar waveforms automatically. Then, a method with an auxiliary classifier called flexible-DARTS was proposed. By adding an auxiliary classifier in the middle layer, the flexible-DARTS has a better performance in designing well-generalized classifiers than the standard DARTS. Finally, the performance of the classifier in practical application was compared with related work. Simulation proves that the model based on flexible-DARTS has a better performance, and the accuracy rate for 15 kinds of radar waveforms can reach 79.2% under the \u22129\u2009dB SNR which proved the effectiveness of the method proposed in this paper for the recognition of radar waveforms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/4628481","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,18]],"date-time":"2022-01-18T22:06:31Z","timestamp":1642543591000},"page":"1-15","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["LPI Radar Waveform Recognition Based on Neural Architecture Search"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"given":"Zhiyuan","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Academy of Electronic Engineering, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9836-7297","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wenting","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academy of Electronic Engineering, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academy of Electronic Engineering, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhi","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academy of Electronic Engineering, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anni","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academy of Electronic Engineering, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academy of Electronic Engineering, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTSP.2007.897055","article-title":"Automatic radar waveform recognition","volume":"1","author":"J. 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