{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T00:56:07Z","timestamp":1768524967632,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,22]],"date-time":"2022-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658448000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004700","name":"Taipei Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Purpose. Real-world evidence refers to patient data derived from the healthcare process. In this study, we used National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) assessments and clinical studies of Ge Gen Tang (GGT, \u845b\u6839\u6e6f) in patients with common cold to establish a real-world study model of Traditional Chinese Medicine formulae. GGT is widely prescribed for the treatment of common cold in Taiwan, generally in combination with other medicines. The aim of this study was to determine whether a correlation exists between GGT combined with other medicines and an improvement in cold symptoms. We also established a GGT prescription compatibility system by analyzing Taiwan\u2019s NHIRD records for GGT prescription patterns in patients with different types of common cold. Materials and Methods. We extracted and analyzed records from the NHIRD for the period 2000\u20132015 to determine the most common clinical applications of GGT. GGT and GGT with Chuan Xiung Cha Tiao San were most commonly prescribed for common cold, as per NHIRD recommendations. Records for adults aged 20\u201365 years who were prescribed GGT for the treatment of common cold (Diagnosis Code ICD-9-460) were included in this study. We assessed the following indicators of the common cold, before and after treatment with GGT: nasal congestion, cough, runny nose, sneezing, sore throat, hoarseness, stiff shoulder, headache, and general physical condition. Results. The cold symptom scores before and after taking the GGT prescriptions significantly differed in the 29 volunteers. The 29 volunteers reported a significantly lower headache severity score after medication than before medication (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\">\n                        <a:mi>p<\/a:mi>\n                        <a:mo>&lt;<\/a:mo>\n                        <a:mn>0.004<\/a:mn>\n                     <\/a:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). Furthermore, patient scores for general physical condition decreased significantly (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <c:math xmlns:c=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\">\n                        <c:mi>p<\/c:mi>\n                        <c:mo>&lt;<\/c:mo>\n                        <c:mn>0.01<\/c:mn>\n                     <\/c:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>) after medication.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/4790910","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,22]],"date-time":"2022-07-22T20:20:05Z","timestamp":1658521205000},"page":"1-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Real-World Study on Ge Gen Tang in Combination with Herbal Medicines for Relieving Common Cold-Associated Symptoms"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"given":"Pei-Ying","family":"Chou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chen-Jei","family":"Tai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"You-Jen","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chiayi Branch, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu-Chuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consultant, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kung-Yi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consultant, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5259-3931","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ching-Chiung","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.4932"},{"key":"2","article-title":"Real world evidence","author":"U. 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Muraoka","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Traditional Medicines"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3937\/kampomed.47.795"},{"key":"9","article-title":"Study of the clinical applications of Chinese medicinal prescription-in national health insurance","volume":"9","author":"J. G. Lin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Yearbook of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.53.1783"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.040"},{"key":"12","first-page":"176","article-title":"Efficacy of Mahuang Fuzi Xixin decoction and Xiaoqinglong decoction on allergic rhinitis in Guinea pigs","volume":"17","author":"W.-F. Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae"},{"key":"13","first-page":"148","article-title":"Gegen soup and Qianghuoshengshi soup combined with acupuncture treatment of cervical disease randomized controlled study","volume":"11","author":"Z. Chunyuan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Practical Traditional Chinese Internal Medicine"},{"key":"14","first-page":"195","article-title":"Qingbi decoction adjuvant treatment chronic sinusitis after endoscopic surgery with 96 cases","volume":"20","author":"Z. Hong-hai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae"},{"key":"15","first-page":"33","article-title":"Study on the antitussive and expelling phlegm effects of Jinfeicao powder","volume":"31","author":"Q. Z. H. Xiaoqi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Sichuan of Traditional Chinese Medicine"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2015.05.005"},{"issue":"4","key":"17","first-page":"288","article-title":"Ginger extract reduces the expression of IL-17 and IL-23 in the sera and central nervous system of EAE mice","volume":"12","author":"A. Jafarzadeh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Immunology"},{"key":"18","first-page":"530","article-title":"Research progress in pharmacological effects of amygdalin","volume":"27","author":"D. J.-G. Lv Jian-zhen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Drugs & Clinic"},{"key":"19","first-page":"55","article-title":"Analysis of the effect of Chuanxiong Gegen decoction and Mahuang Fuzi Xixin decoction on migraine","volume":"28","author":"H. Chunrong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Shenzhen Journal of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine"},{"issue":"7","key":"20","article-title":"Therapeutic effect of Qingbi decoction on children with chronic sinusitis","volume":"32","author":"X. Zhang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Liaoning Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine"},{"key":"21","first-page":"1342","article-title":"Therapeutic effect of Jiawei Jin Fey Tsao Saan powder on cough after wind-cold-type cold","volume":"7","author":"Q. Wnag","year":"2012","journal-title":"Guangming Journal of Chinese Medicine"}],"container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ecam\/2022\/4790910.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ecam\/2022\/4790910.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ecam\/2022\/4790910.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,22]],"date-time":"2022-07-22T20:20:19Z","timestamp":1658521219000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/ecam\/2022\/4790910\/"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Talha Bin","family":"Emran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,22]]},"references-count":21,"alternative-id":["4790910","4790910"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2022\/4790910","relation":{},"ISSN":["1741-4288","1741-427X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1741-4288","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1741-427X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,22]]}}}