{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T21:59:10Z","timestamp":1791669550771,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]],"date-time":"2022-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648512000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Raphia vinifera is widely used to treat several diseases including digestive disorders, dysentery, and genitourinary infections. In this study, the mineral contents, the cytotoxicity, and the toxicological effect of the crude CHCl3\/MeOH extract (RVM) from the mesocarp of Raphia vinifera were evaluated. The mineral contents were evaluated using the method described by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). The cytotoxicity of both extract and chemical compounds from the plants was determined by a resazurin reduction assay (RRA). The toxicological studies were carried out using the experimental procedure of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). After killing the rats, biochemical, histopathological, and hematological studies were performed. The result indicated that RVM is rich in zinc (6.52\u2009mg\/100\u2009g of DM) and sodium (194.5\u2009mg\/100\u2009g of DM). RVM had a cytotoxicity effect with IC50 values lower than 30\u2009\u03bcg\/mL in 18\/18 cancer cell lines tested. These recorded IC50 values were between 12.35\u2009\u00b5g\/mL (toward CCRF-CEM leukemia cells) and 26.66\u2009\u00b5g\/mL (toward SKMel-505 BRAF wild-type melanoma cells). Raphvinin 4 displayed good cytotoxicity against MaMel-80aBRAF-V600E homozygous mutant with the IC50 of 10.42\u2009\u03bcM. RVM was relatively nontoxic to rats, the median lethal dose (DL50) being above 5000\u2009mg\/kg body weight. However, during the oral administration period extending for 28 days, precautions should be taken due to the increase in urinary creatinine level and decrease in spleen weight in the male rats given the highest dose (1000\u2009mg\/kg) of extract. Conclusively, the extract of Raphia vinifera is weakly toxic in rats and could be further used in the development of anticancer phytomedicines.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/4831261","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]],"date-time":"2022-03-29T17:35:29Z","timestamp":1648575329000},"page":"1-13","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Botanical from the Fruits Mesocarp of Raphia vinifera Displays Antiproliferative Activity and Is Harmless as Evidenced by Toxicological Assessments"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"given":"Ga\u00eblle S.","family":"Nguenang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4178-4967","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Armelle T.","family":"Mbaveng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Idrios N.","family":"Bonsou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Godloves F.","family":"Chi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1070-1236","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Victor","family":"Kuete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(12)70472-2"},{"key":"2","volume-title":"Latest Global Cancer Data: Cancer Burden Rises to 18.1 Million New Cases and 9.6 Million Cancer Deaths in 2018","author":"International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)","year":"2020"},{"key":"3","article-title":"Utilisation d\u2019une approche de chimie biologie int\u00e9grative dans la recherche de nouvelles mol\u00e9cules actives sur la prolif\u00e9ration et la diff\u00e9renciation des cellules souches canc\u00e9reuses","volume-title":"Sciences du Vivant, Aspects mol\u00e9culaires et cellulaires de la biologie","author":"M. 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