{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T03:55:25Z","timestamp":1771646125502,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,19]],"date-time":"2022-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642550400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Confidential Communication Fund Project","award":["6142103190308"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6142103190308"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Security and Communication Networks"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Shadowsocks(R) is a proxy software based on Socks5, which is the collective name of shadowsocks and shadowsocksR. Shadowsocks(R) is a private protocol without a handshake negotiation mechanism. Peng broke the confidentiality of shadowsocks by exploiting vulnerability in the shadowsocks protocol and decrypted the shadowsocks packets encrypted with none-AEAD encryption options using a redirection attack. Chen et al. started with the cryptographic algorithm used by shadowsocks(R) and preliminarily discussed the confidentiality of user data under the protection of shadowsocks(R) in theory. Based on Chen\u2019s work, this paper further clarifies the shadowsocks(R) protocol format and studies the encryption mechanism of shadowsocks(R) from the perspective of protocol analysis. The vulnerability of the shadowsocks(R) encryption mechanism is found, and an attack method of shadowsocks(R) is proposed. The attack method is a passive attack and can decrypt the shadowsocks packets encrypted with any encryption option. Compared with Peng\u2019s attack method, the method is more effective and more suitable for actual attacks. Finally, some methods to improve the protocol security of shadowsocks(R) are proposed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/4862571","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,19]],"date-time":"2022-01-19T18:50:06Z","timestamp":1642618206000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Security Analysis of Shadowsocks(R) Protocol"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9220-4294","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Qingbing","family":"Ji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cybersecurity, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"},{"name":"No.30 Institute of CETC, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3627-7645","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zhihong","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cybersecurity, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"},{"name":"No.30 Institute of CETC, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1541-0999","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Man","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"No.30 Institute of CETC, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3055-9609","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jie","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"No.30 Institute of CETC, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1"},{"key":"2"},{"key":"3","first-page":"75","article-title":"The random forest based detection of Shadowsock\u2019s traffic","author":"Z. Deng"},{"issue":"12","key":"4","first-page":"200","article-title":"Research on shadowsocks traffic identification based on xgboost algorithm","volume":"17","author":"H. Hangsong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Software Guide"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2019.2907149"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-63784-2_8","article-title":"Research on ShadowsocksR traffic identification based on xgboost algorithm","volume":"1304","author":"Q. Ji","year":"2021","journal-title":"Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing"},{"key":"7","article-title":"Redirect attack on Shadowsocks stream ciphers","year":"2020"},{"issue":"5","key":"8","first-page":"1240","article-title":"Safety analysis of shadowsocks and ShadowsocksR","volume":"53","author":"C. Man","year":"2020","journal-title":"Communications Technology"},{"key":"9","article-title":"Analysis of communication principle and attack method of shadow locks","year":"2020"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.6028\/NIST.SP.800-38a","volume-title":"SP800-38A, Recommendation for Block Cipher Modes of Operation: Methods and Techniques","author":"M. Dworkin","year":"2001"},{"key":"11","volume-title":"SP800-38D, Recommendation for Block Cipher Modes of Operation: Galois\/Counter Mode(GCM) and GMAC","author":"M. Dworkin","year":"2007"}],"container-title":["Security and Communication Networks"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/scn\/2022\/4862571.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/scn\/2022\/4862571.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/scn\/2022\/4862571.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,19]],"date-time":"2022-01-19T18:50:14Z","timestamp":1642618214000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/scn\/2022\/4862571\/"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Zhili","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,19]]},"references-count":11,"alternative-id":["4862571","4862571"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2022\/4862571","relation":{},"ISSN":["1939-0122","1939-0114"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1939-0122","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1939-0114","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,19]]}}}