{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T16:36:22Z","timestamp":1758040582616,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,27]],"date-time":"2022-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656288000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":177,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Clinical Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Histatins (Hsts) are considered a prominent member of antimicrobial peptides rich in histidine, bearing antifungal activity against <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> species. Hst5 is the most effective among them. Although Hst5 is not found in the cervicovaginal fluid, it has been detected in the human serum. Saliva acts as a mirror, reflecting the cause and effect relationship between several diseases. We aimed to show the salivary Hst5 levels with vaginal candidiasis. Women in the reproductive age group (18\u201350 years) were enrolled in the study. Patients and controls were classified based on the presence or absence of vaginal discharge suggestive of candidiasis, respectively. Vaginal and salivary samples were collected from all the women. Vaginal samples were cultured for the growth of <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> species. Salivary samples were tested by protein electrophoresis to detect Hst5 levels, and the results were compared between the two groups. A total of 80 women were included in this study. The mean age of women in vaginal candidiasis and control groups was 34.25\u2009\u00b1\u20098.06 and 36.83\u2009\u00b1\u20097.29 years, respectively. <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> species were isolated from the vaginal samples of the patient group (34 <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>albicans<\/jats:italic>, 6 non\u2010<jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>) but not from the control group. Hst5 levels in the patient and control group were found to be 0.0571\u2009\u00b1\u20090.003\u2009ng\/mL and 0.0641\u2009\u00b1\u20090,0031\u2009ng\/mL, respectively. Hst5 levels were found to be significantly lower in the vaginal candidiasis group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.001). We conclude that decreased salivary Hst5 levels in women are associated with vaginal candidiasis. <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> infection is a cause or result of lower salivary Hst5 levels, and it may be an important finding for the etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of the disease, but further analysis is needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/5279323","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,27]],"date-time":"2022-06-27T17:50:07Z","timestamp":1656352207000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Salivary Histatin 5 Level in Women with Vaginal 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