{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T23:29:02Z","timestamp":1772580542346,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,30]],"date-time":"2022-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653868800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gastroenterology Research and Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background. The diagnosis of isolated small bowel Crohn\u2019s disease (ISBCD) has always been challenging. Aims. This study is aimed at comparing the clinical features and double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) characteristics of ISBCD with those of other small bowel ulcerative diseases (OSBUD). Methods. Patients with coexisting colonic and\/or ileal valve lesions (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\">\n                        <a:mi>n<\/a:mi>\n                        <a:mo>=<\/a:mo>\n                        <a:mn>45<\/a:mn>\n                     <\/a:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>) or whose final diagnosis was not determined (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <c:math xmlns:c=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\">\n                        <c:mi>n<\/c:mi>\n                        <c:mo>=<\/c:mo>\n                        <c:mn>29<\/c:mn>\n                     <\/c:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>) were excluded. One hundred thirty-nine patients with ISBCD and 62 patients with OSBUD found by DBE were retrospectively analyzed. Results. The age of ISBCD onset was lower than that of OSBUD (OR 0.957, 95% CI 0.938-0.977, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <e:math xmlns:e=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\">\n                        <e:mi>p<\/e:mi>\n                        <e:mo>&lt;<\/e:mo>\n                        <e:mn>0.001<\/e:mn>\n                     <\/e:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). Abdominal pain was more common in ISBCD (OR 4.986, 95% CI 2.539-9.792, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <g:math xmlns:g=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\">\n                        <g:mi>p<\/g:mi>\n                        <g:mo>&lt;<\/g:mo>\n                        <g:mn>0.001<\/g:mn>\n                     <\/g:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). Elevated fibrinogen levels (OR 1.431, 95% CI 1.022-2.003, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <i:math xmlns:i=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\">\n                        <i:mi>p<\/i:mi>\n                        <i:mo>=<\/i:mo>\n                        <i:mn>0.037<\/i:mn>\n                     <\/i:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>) and lower levels of D-dimer (OR 0.999, 95% CI 0.999-1.000, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <k:math xmlns:k=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M6\">\n                        <k:mi>p<\/k:mi>\n                        <k:mo>=<\/k:mo>\n                        <k:mn>0.017<\/k:mn>\n                     <\/k:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>) were also more supportive of the diagnosis of ISBCD. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) used for more than two weeks decreased the probability of a diagnosis of ISBCD (OR 0.173, 95% CI 0.043-0.695, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <m:math xmlns:m=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M7\">\n                        <m:mi>p<\/m:mi>\n                        <m:mo>=<\/m:mo>\n                        <m:mn>0.013<\/m:mn>\n                     <\/m:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). Abdominal computed tomography revealed a higher proportion of skip lesions in ISBCD than in OSBUD (OR 9.728, 95% CI 3.676-25.742, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <o:math xmlns:o=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M8\">\n                        <o:mi>p<\/o:mi>\n                        <o:mo>&lt;<\/o:mo>\n                        <o:mn>0.001<\/o:mn>\n                     <\/o:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). The ulcers of ISBCD were more distributed in the ileum (111 (79.9%) vs. 29 (46.8%), <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <q:math xmlns:q=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M9\">\n                        <q:mi>p<\/q:mi>\n                        <q:mo>&lt;<\/q:mo>\n                        <q:mn>0.001<\/q:mn>\n                     <\/q:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>), and their main morphology differed in different intestinal segments. Longitudinal ulcers (OR 14.293, 95% CI 4.920-41.518, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <s:math xmlns:s=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M10\">\n                        <s:mi>p<\/s:mi>\n                        <s:mo>&lt;<\/s:mo>\n                        <s:mn>0.001<\/s:mn>\n                     <\/s:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>) and large ulcer (OR 0.128, 95% CI 0.044-0.374, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <u:math xmlns:u=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M11\">\n                        <u:mi>p<\/u:mi>\n                        <u:mo>&lt;<\/u:mo>\n                        <u:mn>0.001<\/u:mn>\n                     <\/u:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>) contributed to the differentiation of ISBCD from OSBUD. We constructed a diagnostic model, ISBCD index (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <w:math xmlns:w=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M12\">\n                        <w:mtext>AUROC<\/w:mtext>\n                        <w:mo>=<\/w:mo>\n                        <w:mn>0.877<\/w:mn>\n                     <\/w:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>, 95% CI: 0.830-0.925), using multifactorial binary logistic regression to help distinguish between these two groups of diseases. Conclusion. Clinical features, laboratory tests, abdominal computed tomography, DBE characteristics, and pathology help to distinguish ISBCD from OSBUD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/5374780","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,30]],"date-time":"2022-05-30T23:20:08Z","timestamp":1653952808000},"page":"1-13","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Differentiation of Isolated Small Bowel Crohn\u2019s Disease from Other Small Bowel Ulcerative Diseases: Clinical Features and Double-Balloon Enteroscopy Characteristics"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7455-1046","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Meng","family":"Niu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310003, China"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Yiwu Fuyuan No. 1 Hospital, Yiwu, Zhejiang Province 322000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zheng-Hao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Dongtou District People\u2019s Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310003, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University (Shaoxing Municipal Hospital), Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province 312000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7536-1191","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chun-Xiao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310003, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.04.007"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2005.082909"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000366047"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-018-1507-6"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5152\/tjg.2021.20646"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.907326"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0655-2086"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjy043"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.0578-1426.2018.02.006"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/den.12552"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.8975-17"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v6.i14.791"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4166\/kjg.2013.61.3.160"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOG.0000000000000522"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2014.424"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.12815"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOG.0000000000000519"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2006.00648.x"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/5172873"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2050640619895864"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-017-4685-9"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjw168"},{"issue":"2","key":"23","first-page":"128","article-title":"Clinical features and therapeutic responses of perianal lesions in Crohn's disease","volume":"42","author":"H. 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