{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T03:39:21Z","timestamp":1793331561970,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":166,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]],"date-time":"2022-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662336000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":247,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology at GLA University, Mathura","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05fnxgv12","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In the present scenario, resistance to antibiotics is one of the crucial issues related to public health. Earlier, such resistance to antibiotics was limited to nosocomial infections, but it has now become a common phenomenon. Several factors, like extensive development, overexploitation of antibiotics, excessive application of broad\u2010spectrum drugs, and a shortage of target\u2010oriented antimicrobial drugs, could be attributed to this condition. Nowadays, there is a rise in the occurrence of these drug\u2010resistant pathogens due to the availability of a small number of effective antimicrobial agents. It has been estimated that if new novel drugs are not discovered or formulated, there would be no effective antibiotic available to treat these deadly resistant pathogens by 2050. For this reason, we have to look for the formulation of some new novel drugs or other options or substitutes to treat such multidrug\u2010resistant microorganisms (MDR). The current review focuses on the evolution of the most common multidrug\u2010resistant bacteria and discusses how these bacteria escape the effects of targeted antibiotics and become multidrug resistant. In addition, we also discuss some alternative mechanisms to prevent their infection as well.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/5419874","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]],"date-time":"2022-09-05T20:50:06Z","timestamp":1662411006000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":208,"title":["Multidrug\u2010Resistant Bacteria: Their Mechanism of Action and Prophylaxis"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7383-188X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alok","family":"Bharadwaj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1153-4529","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amisha","family":"Rastogi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3866-0640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Swadha","family":"Pandey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8140-2033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saurabh","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4797-9466","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jagdip Singh","family":"Sohal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25122888"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2013.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_2","first-page":"254","volume-title":"Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology","author":"Mahon C. 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