{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T15:21:04Z","timestamp":1792509664339,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]],"date-time":"2022-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653955200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":150,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Pine seeds are considered as nonwood forest products (NWFP) with regularly increasing market\u2019s demand. They can be eaten in various ways such as roasted or raw. In addition, they are included in various traditional dishes like in cookies, sauces, candies, cakes, breads, and other bakery items and, moreover, for medicinal purposes. GC\u2010MS study is performed to analyze the phytochemical compounds present in the seed extracts of <jats:italic>Pinus roxburghii<\/jats:italic> (Chir) and <jats:italic>Pinus gerardiana<\/jats:italic> (Chilgoza). In total, 25 compounds were identified each in Chir and Chilgoza. In Chir seeds, abundantly present compounds were 2,4\u2010di\u2010tert\u2010butylphenol (16.6%), followed by \u00e7\u2010Terpinene (9.9%) and cyclohexanol, 4\u2010ethenyl\u20104\u2010methyl\u20103\u2010(1\u2010methylethenyl)\u2010, (1\u00e0,3\u00e0,4\u00e1) (9.8%), whereas in Chilgoza seeds, the maximum amount of compound was 1\u2010hexyl\u20101\u2010nitrocyclohexane (17.3%), followed by phenol, 2,6\u2010bis(1,1\u2010dimethylethyl) (15.4%), and heptadecane, 2\u2010methyl (8.4%). The total phenolic content of Chir seed sample was 1536 \u00b1 4.35 (mg GAE\/100\u2009g), whereas in the Chilgoza seed extract was 642.66 \u00b1 2.08 (mg GAE\/100\u2009g). The application of RP\u2010HPLC\u2010DAD system revealed that Chir and Chilgoza seeds have maximum quantity of catechin (15.77 \u00b1 0.16\u2009<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/mg and 17.49 \u00b1 0.32\u2009<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/mg, respectively). Both Chir and Chilgoza seed extracts exhibited significant antioxidant (radical scavenging) potential, through H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (618.94 \u00b1 21.45\u2009<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/mL and 575.16 \u00b1 19.88\u2009<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/mL) and DPPH (552.60 \u00b1 13.03\u2009<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/mL and 429.15 \u00b1 3.80\u2009<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/mL) assays, respectively. Additionally, a well\u2010known antibacterial potential was also found in both plants\u2019 dichloromethane extracts, with 64 to 256\u2009<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/mL of minimum inhibitory concentrations. As a whole, result shows the importance of both plants as a naturally occurring phytochemical source with significant antibacterial and antioxidant activity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/5938610","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T01:20:39Z","timestamp":1654046439000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Studies of Phytochemicals, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Activities of <i>Pinus gerardiana<\/i> and <i>Pinus roxburghii<\/i> Seed 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