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Due to the correlation in their suspected postinfectious autoimmune pathogenesis, it is regarded as the most severe form of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). Because this clinical scenario has a high mortality rate, aggressive and immediate treatment is required. Although the exact cause of AHLE is unknown, it usually occurs after a bacterial or viral infection, or, less frequently, after a measles or rabies vaccination. AHLE has been reported in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) as a rare but serious neurological complication. However, due to the lack of evidence\u2010based diagnostic criteria, diagnosis is difficult. The small number of cases described in the literature, which most likely reflects underreporting and\/or low incidence, necessitates greater public awareness. Increased clinical suspicion and early imaging identification of this entity may allow clinicians to pursue more aggressive treatment options, potentially reducing fatal outcomes. This study focuses on symptoms and causes of AHLE, difference between AHLE and ADME, diagnosis and treatment of AHLE, and its link with COVID\u201019.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/6008375","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,15]],"date-time":"2022-11-15T23:50:09Z","timestamp":1668556209000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Acute Hemorrhagic Leukoencephalitis (AHLE): A Comprehensive Review on Causes, Symptoms, Link with COVID\u201019, Diagnosis, and Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0735-9628","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mona","family":"Alromaihi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_15_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2010.12.352"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2020.06.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00117-022-00982-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.00899"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1941.tb46531.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073807299971"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_8_2","article-title":"Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis associated with autoimmune myopathy","volume":"7","author":"Duggal N.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Vascular and Interventional Neurology"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_9_2","first-page":"201","article-title":"Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis","volume":"91","author":"Geerts Y.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Acta neurologica belgica"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(16)30043-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.146.3652.1681"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0b013e328338f6c9"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2014.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_14_2","volume-title":"Infections of the Central Nervous System: Pathology and Genetics","author":"Keohane K.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_15_2","first-page":"270","article-title":"Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia in hematologic complete remission","volume":"84","author":"Pagano L.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.22505"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_17_2","volume-title":"Acute Necrotizing Hemorrhagic Leukoencephalitis","author":"Reder A. 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