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system is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by invading exocrine glands such as salivary glands and lacrimal glands and other exocrine glands. Its common symptom is dry mouth and dry eyes, often accompanied by a large number of lymphocyte infiltrations and can involve other organs to cause complex clinical manifestations. In this study, we aimed at investigating the effect of QZF in SS, identifying the molecular mechanism in modulating autoimmune response, and determining the important roles of these factors\u2019 function as a modulator in the pathogenesis of SS. The NOD mice were utilized to establish the rats\u2019 model of Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. After 10 weeks\u2019 hydroxychloroquine and QZF in different dose interference, submandibular gland tissue was collected. The therapeutic effect of QZF on SS rats was identified, and the results suggest the comparable potential to hydroxychloroquine. In submandibular gland tissue, interleukin- (IL-) 17 was significantly lower in high-dose QZF than that in SS rats and the focal lymphocytes were highly attenuated. Moreover, we found that PI3K\/Akt signals were activated and the downstream HIF-1\u03b1\/VEGF signals were enhanced in SS rats whose protein expression could be inhibited by QZF treatment. In addition, QZF could modulate autophagy in submandibular gland tissue and then inhibit the inflammation response and therefore facilitate the tissue repair.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/6153459","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]],"date-time":"2022-01-31T18:20:05Z","timestamp":1643653205000},"page":"1-13","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Qing Zao Fang (QZF) Alleviates the Inflammatory Microenvironment of the Submandibular Gland in Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s Syndrome Based on the PI3K\/Akt\/HIF-1\u03b1\/VEGF Signaling Pathway"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"given":"Ping","family":"Zeng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China"},{"name":"Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, 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