{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T16:25:26Z","timestamp":1788193526311,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]],"date-time":"2022-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642982400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004621","name":"Kerman University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004621","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction. Blepharitis is a common and chronic form of eyelid inflammation. Blepharitis treatment aims to decrease symptoms through antibacterial effects. One of the most common treatments of eyelid diseases in traditional medicine is using kohl. This clinical trial aimed to investigate its efficacy as a complementary treatment in staphylococcal blepharitis through an open-label clinical trial. Materials and Methods. Thirty patients were randomized to receive kohl in one eye contralateral and erythromycin ointment in another eye for 90 days. At baseline and after 90 days of treatment, symptoms, clinical signs, and side effects of treatments were recorded. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS software, version 19. Results. Despite randomization, there was a significant difference between the intervention and control eyes in the baseline mean clinical score (intervention eye: 9.86 (2.95) and control eye: 4.30 (2.81), <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\">\n                        <a:mi>P<\/a:mi>\n                        <a:mo>&lt;<\/a:mo>\n                        <a:mn>0.001<\/a:mn>\n                     <\/a:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). The degree of reduction of related signs and symptoms in the eyes treated with kohl was significantly higher than that in the control group: (5.2 vs. 2.20, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <c:math xmlns:c=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\">\n                        <c:mi>P<\/c:mi>\n                        <c:mo>&lt;<\/c:mo>\n                        <c:mn>0.001<\/c:mn>\n                     <\/c:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>) for symptoms and (7.40 vs. 2.46, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <e:math xmlns:e=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\">\n                        <e:mi>P<\/e:mi>\n                        <e:mo>&lt;<\/e:mo>\n                        <e:mn>0.001<\/e:mn>\n                     <\/e:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>) for clinical signs. Cohen\u2019s d statistic for mean difference of sign and symptom was 2.4 and 1.75, respectively, indicating a very strong effect. Conclusion. The present study results demonstrated a significant improvement in blepharitis-related signs and symptoms. The degree of improvement in the eyes treated with kohl was much higher than that in the control eyes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/6235857","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]],"date-time":"2022-01-24T18:20:13Z","timestamp":1643048413000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Efficacy of Kohl (Surma) and Erythromycin in Treatment of Blepharitis: An Open-Label Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"given":"Esmat","family":"Karbassi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8948-9153","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ehsan","family":"Amiri-Ardekani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"},{"name":"Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"},{"name":"Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alireza","family":"Farsinezhad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Comprehensive Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran"},{"name":"Department of Hematology and Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Armita","family":"Shahesmaeili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV\/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasaman","family":"Abhari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahsa","family":"Ziaesistani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Comprehensive Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran"},{"name":"Department of Hematology and Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noushin","family":"Pouryazdanpanah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Comprehensive Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran"},{"name":"Department of Hematology and Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Derakhshani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Comprehensive Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran"},{"name":"Department of Hematology and Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Jamshidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"},{"name":"Student Association of Indigenous Knowledge, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9125-684X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Haleh","family":"Tajadini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Mycology and Bacteriology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran"},{"name":"Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S190803","article-title":"Risk factors for ocular surface damage in Mexican patients with dry eye disease: a population-based study","volume":"13","author":"A. 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Mahmood","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"}],"container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ecam\/2022\/6235857.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ecam\/2022\/6235857.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ecam\/2022\/6235857.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]],"date-time":"2022-01-24T18:20:24Z","timestamp":1643048424000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/ecam\/2022\/6235857\/"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Francisca","family":"Rius Diaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]]},"references-count":33,"alternative-id":["6235857","6235857"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2022\/6235857","relation":{},"ISSN":["1741-4288","1741-427X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1741-4288","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1741-427X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]]}}}