{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T08:04:58Z","timestamp":1767168298914,"version":"build-2238731810"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,13]],"date-time":"2022-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657670400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002397","name":"Shanghai University of Sport","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["11DZ2261100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11DZ2261100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002397","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Objective. This work aimed to explore the application and optimization of the electrophysiological monitoring system to real-time monitor the exercise-induced fatigue (EIF) animals and investigate the intervention mechanism of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) combined with natural astaxanthin (NAX) on EIF. Methods. First, a system was constructed for acquisition, processing, and feature extraction of electrocardiograph (ECG) signal and surface electromyography (EMG) signal for EIF monitoring. The mice were randomly divided into a control group (CG), EIF group (EG), HBO treatment (HBO) group, and HBO combined with NAX treatment (HBO\u2009+\u2009NAX) group. The effect of the constructed system on classification recognition of EIF was analyzed. The levels of serum antioxidative stress indicators of mice in each group were detected, including malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), glutathione-peroxidation (GSH-Px), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC). In addition, the mRNA and protein levels of Keap1\/Nrf2\/HO-1 pathway related genes in liver tissue were detected. Results. The results showed that the normalized least mean squares algorithm effectively removed the motion artifact interference of ECG signal and can clearly display the signal peak, and high-pass filtering and power frequency filtering effectively removed the motion and baseline drift interference of surface EMG signal. The recognition sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the EIF recognition model based on the long- and short-term memory network were 90.0%, 93.3%, and 92.5%, respectively. Compared with the CG, the characteristics of ECG signal and surface EMG signal of the mice in the EIF group changed greatly (\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\">\n                        <a:mi>P<\/a:mi>\n                        <a:mo>&lt;<\/a:mo>\n                        <a:mn>0.05<\/a:mn>\n                      <\/a:math>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    ); the serum MDA level was increased obviously; the CAT, SOD, GSH, GSH-Px, and T-AOC levels were observably reduced (\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <c:math xmlns:c=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\">\n                        <c:mi>P<\/c:mi>\n                        <c:mo>&lt;<\/c:mo>\n                        <c:mn>0.05<\/c:mn>\n                      <\/c:math>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    ); the expressions of Keap1 and HO-1 in the liver were reduced remarkably, while the expression of Nrf2 was increased notably (\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <e:math xmlns:e=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\">\n                        <e:mi>P<\/e:mi>\n                        <e:mo>&lt;<\/e:mo>\n                        <e:mn>0.05<\/e:mn>\n                      <\/e:math>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    ). Compared with the EIF group, the characteristics of ECG signal and surface EMG signal of the mice in the HBO and HBO\u2009+\u2009NAX groups were obviously improved (\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <g:math xmlns:g=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\">\n                        <g:mi>P<\/g:mi>\n                        <g:mo>&lt;<\/g:mo>\n                        <g:mn>0.05<\/g:mn>\n                      <\/g:math>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    ); the serum MDA level was significantly reduced; the CAT, SOD, GSH, GSH-Px, and T-AOC levels were greatly increased (\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <i:math xmlns:i=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\">\n                        <i:mi>P<\/i:mi>\n                        <i:mo>&lt;<\/i:mo>\n                        <i:mn>0.05<\/i:mn>\n                      <\/i:math>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    ); the expressions of Keap1 and HO-1 in the liver were greatly increased, while the expression of Nrf2 was decreased sharply (\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <k:math xmlns:k=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M6\">\n                        <k:mi>P<\/k:mi>\n                        <k:mo>&lt;<\/k:mo>\n                        <k:mn>0.05<\/k:mn>\n                      <\/k:math>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    ). Conclusion. Therefore, the feature extraction and classification system of ECG signal combined with surface EMG signal could realize real-time monitoring of EIF status. HBO intervention could improve the body\u2019s ability to resist oxidative stress through the Keap1\/Nrf2\/HO-1 pathway and then improve the EIF state. In addition, the improvement effect of HBO\u2009+\u2009NAX was more obvious.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/6444747","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,14]],"date-time":"2022-07-14T01:51:05Z","timestamp":1657763465000},"page":"1-12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Mechanism of Hyperbaric Oxygen Combined with Astaxanthin Mediating Keap1\/Nrf2\/HO-1 Pathway to Improve Exercise Fatigue in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"given":"Zheng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6112-2827","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Binghong","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200030, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11010130"},{"issue":"4","key":"2","first-page":"489","article-title":"Physical exercise for functional capacity, blood immune function, fatigue, and quality of life in high-risk prostate cancer patients during radiotherapy: a prospective, randomized clinical study","volume":"52","author":"K. 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