{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T17:51:16Z","timestamp":1787161876984,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,13]],"date-time":"2022-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665619200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Tropical Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A study was conducted to determine the prevalence and drug resistance of Escherichia coli present in urinary tract infected patients and hospital drinking water. A total of eighty urine samples from clinically suspected patients and thirty tap water samples from hospital vicinity were collected and analyzed for the presence of E. coli. The isolates were preliminary identified based on morphological characteristics, biochemical test and further confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using uidA primer. Isolates were subjected to antibiogram studies and analyzed for the presence of drug resistance (ESBL blaCTX-M-15, tetA, and TMP-SMX dfrA1) and pathogenicity associated pyelonephritis-associated pili (PAP) and Heat-labile (LT) toxin genes. Urine samples 19\/80 (23.75%) and water samples 8\/30 (26.7%) were found contaminated with E. coli. It was found that 12\/19 (63%) bacterial isolates were extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers in clinical and 6\/8 (75%) in water isolates whereas tetracycline resistance in clinical and water isolates was 11\/19 (58%) and 6\/8 (75%), respectively. The trimethoprim resistance gene was confirmed in 12\/19 (63%) in clinical and 2\/8 (25%) in water isolates. All the clinical and water isolates were found carrying pili PAP gene. It was concluded that the presence of drug resistant and pathogenic E. coli in clinical and water samples is extremely alarming for public health due to cross contamination and bacterial transfer from clinical samples to water and vice versa.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/6495044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,13]],"date-time":"2022-10-13T21:05:06Z","timestamp":1665695106000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Hospital Acquired Pathogenic Escherichia coli from Clinical and Hospital Water Samples of Quetta Balochistan"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0376-1425","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ali","family":"Akbar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Balochistan Quetta, Quetta 87300, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wajeeha","family":"Naeem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Balochistan Quetta, Quetta 87300, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faiza","family":"Liaqat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Balochistan Quetta, Quetta 87300, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2487-0468","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Muhammad Bilal","family":"Sadiq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7600-5391","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Shafee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CASVAB University of Balochistan Quetta, Quetta 87300, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5898-2049","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zareen","family":"Gul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany, University of Balochistan Quetta, Quetta 87300, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shabir Ahmad","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CASVAB University of Balochistan Quetta, Quetta 87300, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hasina","family":"Mengal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Balochistan Quetta, Quetta 87300, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9139-2473","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Su Hlaing","family":"Chein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spectrum Sustainable Development Knowledge Network, Yangon, Myanmar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sadia","family":"Qasim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Child Health Sciences and Children\u2019s Hospital Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7199-0118","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Arshad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Science, Jhang-Campus University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8006-0622","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fazal Ur","family":"Rehman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Balochistan Quetta, Quetta 87300, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6533-455X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hassan","family":"Sher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Plant Sciences and Biodiversity, University of Swat, Charbagh, Swat 19120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.823673"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1120009x.2019.1622293"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0114997"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.02462-18"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.05.024"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.02.183"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.02603"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.13550"},{"issue":"3","key":"9","first-page":"941","article-title":"Presence of Escherichia coli in poultry meat: a potential food safety threat","volume":"21","author":"A. 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