{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T09:41:32Z","timestamp":1788514892683,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,23]],"date-time":"2022-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":203,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007613","name":"Majmaah University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007613","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Aim<\/jats:italic>. To analyze the distribution and characteristics of infraocclusion among Arabian children in primary dentition and its associated dental anomalies. <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. A radiographic analysis was performed retrospectively using digital panoramic radiographs of children attending the pediatric dental clinic of College of Dentistry, Majmaah University, Saudi Arabia, from January 2019 to May 2021. The panoramic radiographs were analyzed to assess the distribution and characteristics of infraocclusion and its associated dental anomalies. Descriptive statistics were used for comparisons using SPSS version 21.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, N.Y., USA). The chi\u2010square test was used to compare percentages. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. Among the study population (542), only 40 children reported infraocclusion of 65 primary molars. Infraocclusion was common in males (90%) and very frequent in the mandibular arch (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 48 teeth). In the primary dentition, unilateral infraocclusion (62.5%) was very frequent than bilateral presence (37.5%). Single molars were involved in 50% of the patients, while two, three, and four molars were involved in 42.5%, 2.5%, and 5% of cases. The mandibular second primary molar was frequently affected with infraocclusion, while the maxillary first primary molar was less commonly affected. In the mandibular arch, the second primary molar (28, 58%) was more commonly affected with infraocclusion than the mandibular first primary molars and maxillary primary and secondary molars (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). The majority of the infraoccluded molars were mild (75%), followed by moderate (23.5%) and severe (1.5%). Hypodontia (12.5%) is frequently associated with infraocclusion, followed by supernumerary teeth (5%) and radix entomolaris of the first permanent mandibular molars (5%). Infraocclusion was more in the second primary molar mandibular arch, while in the maxillary arch, the first primary molars were commonly affected (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &gt; 0.05). <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. In Arabian children, infraocclusion was commonly observed in mandibular second primary molars. Unilateral infraocclusion is a mild type of infraocclusion frequent in Arabian children. Numerical anomalies such as hypodontia and supernumerary teeth are associated with infraocclusion.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/6624804","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,23]],"date-time":"2022-07-23T19:20:22Z","timestamp":1658604022000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Infraocclusion: Prevalence, Characteristics, and Associated Dental Anomalies in Arabian Children"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"given":"Saleh Ibrahim","family":"Alshaya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulrahman Faleh","family":"Alanazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saleh Sulaiman","family":"Aldawish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mogren Mohmed","family":"Alsuhaim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Saad","family":"Alomar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yazeed Marzouq","family":"Almuaytiq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sami Abdulaziz","family":"Alfahad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulrahman Abdulmohsen Suliman","family":"Almousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdullah","family":"Alassaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9432-2590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sreekanth Kumar","family":"Mallineni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1981.tb01037.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Infraocclusion of deciduous molars: a retrospective analysis of prevalence, characteristics and association with other dental anomalies","volume":"11","author":"Venza N.","year":"2018","journal-title":"ORAL & Implantology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2319\/062609-358.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","first-page":"481","article-title":"The etiology, prevalence, and sequelae of infraclusion of primary molars","volume":"58","author":"Douglass J.","year":"1991","journal-title":"ASDC Journal of Dentistry for Children"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","first-page":"325","article-title":"Inter-relations between infraocclusion of primary mandibular molars, tipping of adjacent teeth, and alveolar bone height","volume":"35","author":"Peretz B.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatric Dentistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-263X.1997.tb00269.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","first-page":"37","article-title":"Ankylosed primary molars: results and treatment recommendations from an eight-year longitudinal study","volume":"2","author":"Messer l. 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