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Based on a driving simulator, three toll gate lane warning sign schemes (scheme for present situation, MTC guidance scheme, and arrow\u2009+\u2009MTC guidance scheme) were proposed in this study. Driving simulation experiments were conducted to study the influence of figures in warning signs at the manual toll station on the lane change timing of drivers. It was found that the addition of arrows to the warning signs can significantly shorten the response time and guide the driver to make lane change decisions earlier to reduce the congestion between MTC vehicles and the mainline ETC vehicles at the toll plaza, thereby improving the traffic capacity and safety.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/7121952","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,5]],"date-time":"2022-05-05T18:06:06Z","timestamp":1651773966000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Influence of Figures in Warning Signs at the Manual Toll Station on the Lane Change Timing of Drivers in the Context of Virtual Reality of High\u2010Proportion ETC Vehicles"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0182-5226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Su","family":"Zhi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Qunjie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wang","family":"Chaolun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5530-1124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ling","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_2","first-page":"71","article-title":"Ergonomics Keeping Abreast of the Times","volume":"2004","author":"Feng Y.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Nanjing University of Technology (social science edition"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1463922X.2020.1818868"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TRO.2017.2765334"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2017.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s21134607"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0169-8141(98)00092-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2019.2914573"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2937380"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1369-8478(02)00006-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tie.2018.2821649"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"SuH. 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