{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T19:40:49Z","timestamp":1772221249260,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,4]],"date-time":"2022-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656892800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006261","name":"Taif University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TURSP-2020\/125"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TURSP-2020\/125"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006261","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Chest X-ray (CXR) scans are emerging as an important diagnostic tool for the early spotting of COVID and other significant lung diseases. The recognition of visual symptoms is difficult and can take longer time by radiologists as CXR provides various signs of viral infection. Therefore, artificial intelligence-based method for automated identification of COVID by utilizing X-ray images has been found to be very promising. In the era of deep learning, effective utilization of existing pretrained generalized models is playing a decisive role in terms of time and accuracy. In this paper, the benefits of weights of existing pretrained model VGG16 and InceptionV3 have been taken. Base model has been created using pretrained models (VGG16 and InceptionV3). The last fully connected (FC) layer has been added as per the number of classes for classification of CXR in binary and multi-class classification by appropriately using transfer learning. Finally, combination of layers is made by integrating the FC layer weights of both the models (VGG16 and InceptionV3). The image dataset used for experimentation consists of healthy, COVID, pneumonia viral, and pneumonia bacterial. The proposed weight fusion method has outperformed the existing models in terms of accuracy, achieved 99.5% accuracy in binary classification over 20 epochs, and 98.2% accuracy in three-class classification over 100 epochs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/7124199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,4]],"date-time":"2022-07-04T18:35:07Z","timestamp":1656959707000},"page":"1-12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Computational Intelligence-Based Method for Automated Identification of COVID-19 and Pneumonia by Utilizing CXR Scans"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4303-0990","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bhavana","family":"Kaushik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Bidholi, Dehradun, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1688-8772","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Deepika","family":"Koundal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Bidholi, Dehradun, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1577-4530","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Neelam","family":"Goel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9519-3391","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Atef","family":"Zaguia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Technology, College of Computing and Information Technology, Taif University, P.O. 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