{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:48:32Z","timestamp":1787017712671,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,9]],"date-time":"2022-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657324800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":189,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82070481"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82070481"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Despite being the gold\u2010standard treatment for end\u2010stage heart disease, heart transplantation is associated with acute cardiac rejection within 1 year of transplantation. The continuous application of immunosuppressants may cause side effects such as hepatic and renal toxicity, infection, and malignancy. Developing new pharmaceutical strategies to alleviate acute rejection after heart transplantation effectively and safely is of critical importance. In this study, we performed a murine model of MHC\u2010full mismatch cardiac transplantation and showed that the combination of Rhodosin (Rho) and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) could prevent acute rejection and oxidative stress injury and prolong the survival time of murine heart transplants. The use of Rho plus MMF in allografts improved the balance of Tregs\/Teff cells, which had a protective effect on allotransplantation. We also isolated bone marrow\u2010derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) and determined that Rho inhibited DC maturation by promoting mitochondrial fusion mainly through the mitochondrial fusion\u2010related protein MFN1. Herein, we demonstrated that Rho, an active ingredient isolated from the plant\n                    <jats:italic>Rhodiola rosea<\/jats:italic>\n                    with antioxidant and anti\u2010inflammatory activities, could efficiently alleviate acute rejection and significantly prolong murine heart allograft survival when used with a low dose of MMF. More importantly, we found that Rho restrained DC maturation by promoting mitochondrial fusion and decreasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, which then alleviated acute rejection in murine cardiac transplantation. Interestingly, as a novel immunosuppressant, Rho has almost no side effects compared with other traditional immunosuppressants. Taken together, these results suggest that Rho has good clinical auxiliary applications as an effective immunosuppressant and antioxidant, and this study provides an efficient strategy to overcome the side effects of immunosuppressive agents that are currently used in organ transplantation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/7260305","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,9]],"date-time":"2022-07-09T14:05:08Z","timestamp":1657375508000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Combination of Rhodosin and MMF Prolongs Cardiac Allograft Survival by Inhibiting DC Maturation by Promoting Mitochondrial Fusion"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0930-6503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanjia","family":"Che","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanyang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5643-9344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiwei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sihao","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7087-0157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kai","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shun","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohan","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000757"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1236"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.029753"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cmi.2014.52"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.552988"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trre.2019.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-016-2868-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-019-2526-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2013.1468"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules21081033"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/607508"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-019-01106-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vph.2015.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.29000"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.12871"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2009.01.046"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1254\/jphs.10078FP"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_2","first-page":"12","article-title":"Salidroside exerts protective effects against chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension via AMPK\u03b11-dependent pathways","volume":"8","author":"Chen M.","year":"2016","journal-title":"American Journal of Translational Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2015.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/674303"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2019.109552"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.109960"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.05.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2020.101761"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imcb.12363"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3791\/52907"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.676337"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2021.108218"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2013.08.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_2","first-page":"593","article-title":"A working formulation for the standardization of nomenclature in the diagnosis of heart and lung rejection: Lung Rejection Study Group. 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