{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T21:39:39Z","timestamp":1774129179187,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,10]],"date-time":"2022-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641772800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Yaounde-Bielefeld Graduate School for Natural Products with Antiparasitic and Antibacterial Activities","award":["57316173"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["57316173"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Despite the global efforts, schistosomiasis remains a public health problem in several tropical and subtropical countries. One of the major challenges in the fight against schistosomiasis is the interruption of the parasite life cycle. Here, we evaluated the anticercarial, cytotoxicity, and phytochemical profiles of Sida acuta (HESa) and Sida rhombifolia (HESr) hydroethanolic extracts (Malvaceae). Schistosoma mansoni cercaria was collected from fifteen Biomphalaria pfeifferi-infected snails. Twenty-five cercariae were incubated in duplicate with different concentrations (31.25\u20131,000\u2009\u03bcg\/mL) of HESa or HESr. The cercaria viability was monitored at 30\u2009min time intervals for 150\u2009min, and the concentration-response curve of each plant extract was used to determine their respective lethal concentration 50 (LC50). Additionally, the cytotoxicity profile of each plant extract was evaluated on the Hepa 1\u20136\u2009cell line at a concentration range of 15.625\u20131,000\u2009\u00b5g\/mL using the WST-8 assay method and its inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) was calculated. Moreover, phytochemical characterization of each plant extract was carried out by HPLC-MS. Both extracts exhibited cercaricidal activity in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. At 30\u2009min time point, HESa (LC50\u2009=\u200928.41\u2009\u00b1\u20093.5\u2009\u00b5g\/mL) was more effective than HESr (LC50\u2009=\u2009172.42\u2009\u00b1\u200926.16\u2009\u00b5g\/mL) in killing S. mansoni cercariae. Regarding the cytotoxicity effect of both extracts, the IC50 of HESa (IC50\u2009=\u2009109.67\u2009\u00b5g\/mL) was lower than that of HESr (IC50\u2009=\u2009888.79\u2009\u00b5g\/mL). The selectivity index was 3.86 and 5.15 for HESa and HESr, respectively. Fifteen compounds were identified from HESa and HESr after HPLC-MS analysis. N-Feruloyltyramine, a polyphenol, and thamnosmonin, a coumarin, were identified in both extracts. HESa and HESr displayed cercaricidal activity and were not toxic on Hepa 1\u20136 cell line. Based on the selectivity index of these extracts, S. rhombifolia extract could be more effective on S. mansoni cercariae than S. acuta extract. This study could provide baseline information for further investigations aiming to develop plant-based alternative drugs against S. mansoni.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/7281144","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,10]],"date-time":"2022-01-10T20:50:05Z","timestamp":1641847805000},"page":"1-17","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["In Vitro Assessment of the Cercaricidal Activity of Sida acuta Burm. F. and Sida rhombifolia Linn. (Malvaceae) Hydroethanolic Extracts, Cytotoxicity, and Phytochemical Studies"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8715-152X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ulrich","family":"Membe Femoe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon"},{"name":"Centre for Schistosomiasis and Parasitology, P.O. Box 7244, Yaounde, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph Bertin","family":"Kadji Fassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon"},{"name":"Centre for Schistosomiasis and Parasitology, P.O. Box 7244, Yaounde, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9838-8570","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hermine","family":"Boukeng Jatsa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon"},{"name":"Centre for Schistosomiasis and Parasitology, P.O. Box 7244, Yaounde, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yannick Leonel","family":"Tchoffo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon"},{"name":"Centre for Schistosomiasis and Parasitology, P.O. Box 7244, Yaounde, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David Carel","family":"Amvame Nna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon"},{"name":"Centre for Schistosomiasis and Parasitology, P.O. Box 7244, Yaounde, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Blaise C\u00e9dric","family":"Kamdoum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven Collins","family":"Njonte Wouamba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Higher Teacher Training College, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 47, Yaounde, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Billy","family":"Toussie Tchegnitegni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, P.O. BOX 100131, D-33501, Bielefeld, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bonaventure","family":"Tchaleu Ngadjui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norbert","family":"Sewald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, P.O. BOX 100131, D-33501, Bielefeld, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Ndjakou Lenta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Higher Teacher Training College, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 47, Yaounde, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Louis-Albert","family":"Tchuem Tchuente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon"},{"name":"Centre for Schistosomiasis and Parasitology, P.O. Box 7244, Yaounde, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8565-1181","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Theophile","family":"Dimo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","volume-title":"Schistosomiasis","author":"WHO","year":"2020"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5897\/jmpr12.0750"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2049-9957-1-8"},{"issue":"7","key":"4","first-page":"873","article-title":"Evaluation of the molluscicidal activity of Punica granatum, Calotropis procera, Solanum incanum and Citrullus colocynthis against Biomphalaria arabica","volume":"26","author":"K. H. Abo Zaid","year":"2013","journal-title":"World Applied Sciences Journal"},{"key":"5","volume-title":"Report of an Informal Consultation on Schistosomiasis Control","author":"WHO","year":"2013"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/136485907x193833"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/2583969"},{"issue":"1","key":"8","first-page":"47","article-title":"Evaluation of the biocidal activity of alkaloids, saponins and volatile oil extracted from Nigella sativa seeds against miracidia and cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni","volume":"4","author":"K. Abo-zeid","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41182-020-00205-y"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9734\/ejmp\/2020\/v31i830256"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/cm.2011.22009"},{"issue":"2231","key":"12","article-title":"Genus Sida\u2013the plants with ethno medicinal and therapeutic potential","volume":"1","author":"R. Wake","year":"2011","journal-title":"Golden Research Thoughts"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-8741(96)01424-9"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2003.09.010"},{"issue":"3","key":"15","first-page":"248","article-title":"Ethnobotanic survey of medicinal plants used for malaria therapy in western Cameroon","volume":"4","author":"O. Tene Tcheghebe","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of medicinal plants studies"},{"issue":"54","key":"16","article-title":"Anticancer activity of Sida acuta Burm.F against nitrosodiethylamine and CCl-4 induced hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"3","author":"G. Mallikarjuna","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Research"},{"key":"17","volume-title":"Traditional Medicine and Pharmacopeia- Contribution to Ethnobotanical and Floristic Studies in Cameroon","author":"J. Adjanohoun","year":"1996"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sajb.2020.04.030"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/pp.2015.68039"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2016.01.017"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-018-2318-2"},{"issue":"5","key":"22","first-page":"248","article-title":"Antimicrobial activity of leaf extracts of Sida acuta Burm","volume":"1","author":"S. Akilandeswari","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Pharma Sciences and Research"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3923\/pjbs.2003.73.75"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1995-7645(10)60167-8"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2010.08.008"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-4-73"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2013.2763"},{"key":"28","volume-title":"Pharmacognosy","author":"G. E. Trease","year":"1989"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-7-220"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182000076435"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/0022-3395(2002)088[0163:aboifm]2.0.co;2"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-013-3743-2"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0065-308x(10)73009-8"},{"issue":"3","key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.11646\/phytotaxa.307.3.5","article-title":"Synopsis of Sida (Malvaceae, malvoideae, malveae) in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil","volume":"307","author":"J. L. Brand\u00e3o","year":"2017","journal-title":"Phytotaxa"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06682"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2015.10.027"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2021.1937156"},{"key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules22010094"},{"key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules18032769"},{"key":"40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0031-9422(03)00021-9"},{"key":"41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1365\/s10337-007-0407-3"},{"key":"42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2018.01.014"},{"key":"43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.6220"},{"key":"44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.07.003"},{"key":"45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2015.02.144"},{"key":"46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/bf02976704"},{"issue":"9","key":"47","first-page":"4845","article-title":"Antioxidant phytochemicals from Sida glutinosa","volume":"5","author":"N. Das","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmacy Research"},{"key":"48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s0100-40422006000600020"},{"key":"49","first-page":"232","article-title":"Lipoxygenase inhibitory activity of some Sida species due to di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate","volume":"105","author":"D. S. Preethidan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Current Science"},{"issue":"12","key":"50","first-page":"1452","article-title":"Antibacterial activity of alkaloids from Sida acuta","volume":"4","author":"D. Karou","year":"2005","journal-title":"African Journal of Biotechnology"}],"container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ecam\/2022\/7281144.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ecam\/2022\/7281144.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ecam\/2022\/7281144.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,10]],"date-time":"2022-01-10T20:50:18Z","timestamp":1641847818000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/ecam\/2022\/7281144\/"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Daniel Dias Rufino","family":"Arcanjo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,10]]},"references-count":50,"alternative-id":["7281144","7281144"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2022\/7281144","relation":{},"ISSN":["1741-4288","1741-427X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1741-4288","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1741-427X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,10]]}}}