{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T14:16:17Z","timestamp":1781100977428,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,8]],"date-time":"2022-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649376000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Medical Research Project of Sichuan Province","award":["S2006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["S2006"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mediators of Inflammation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background. Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a common upper airway inflammatory disease with a high postoperative recurrence rate. This study is aimed at exploring the expression of B cell-activating factor (BAFF) in CRSwNP and its association with postoperative recurrence. Methods. A total of 80 CRSwNP patients, including 40 primary CRSwNP patients and 40 recurrent CRSwNP patients, 40 chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) patients, and 40 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled in this study, and the serum and tissue samples were collected. The circulating and tissue BAFF expressions were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Their clinical values for predicting postoperative recurrence of CRSwNP were evaluated. Results. We determined serum levels of BAFF were remarkably increased in the CRSwNP group than the CRSsNP and HC groups (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\">\n                        <a:mi>P<\/a:mi>\n                        <a:mo>&lt;<\/a:mo>\n                        <a:mn>0.05<\/a:mn>\n                     <\/a:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>), and higher concentrations of BAFF were associated with peripheral eosinophil percentage (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <c:math xmlns:c=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\">\n                        <c:mi>r<\/c:mi>\n                        <c:mo>=<\/c:mo>\n                        <c:mn>0.614<\/c:mn>\n                     <\/c:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <e:math xmlns:e=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\">\n                        <e:mi>P<\/e:mi>\n                        <e:mo>&lt;<\/e:mo>\n                        <e:mn>0.001<\/e:mn>\n                     <\/e:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). The serum BAFF concentrations were significantly higher in the recurrent CRSwNP group in comparison with the primary group (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <g:math xmlns:g=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\">\n                        <g:mi>P<\/g:mi>\n                        <g:mo>&lt;<\/g:mo>\n                        <g:mn>0.05<\/g:mn>\n                     <\/g:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). Multivariate analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve presented that serum BAFF levels were associated with the postoperative recurrence in CRSwNP patients (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <i:math xmlns:i=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\">\n                        <i:mi>P<\/i:mi>\n                        <i:mo>&lt;<\/i:mo>\n                        <i:mn>0.05<\/i:mn>\n                     <\/i:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). Moreover, tissue BAFF levels were significantly increased in the CRSwNP group than the HC group, especially in the recurrent CRSwNP group (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <k:math xmlns:k=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M6\">\n                        <k:mi>P<\/k:mi>\n                        <k:mo>&lt;<\/k:mo>\n                        <k:mn>0.05<\/k:mn>\n                     <\/k:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>), and enhanced BAFF RNA expressions were correlated with serum BAFF levels (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <m:math xmlns:m=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M7\">\n                        <m:mi>r<\/m:mi>\n                        <m:mo>=<\/m:mo>\n                        <m:mn>0.703<\/m:mn>\n                     <\/m:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <o:math xmlns:o=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M8\">\n                        <o:mi>P<\/o:mi>\n                        <o:mo>&lt;<\/o:mo>\n                        <o:mn>0.001<\/o:mn>\n                     <\/o:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). Conclusion. Our results elucidated that the BAFF expression was enhanced in CRSwNP patients and associated with postoperative recurrence. BAFF could be a serologic biomarker for predicting postoperative recurrence in CRSwNP patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/7338692","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,9]],"date-time":"2022-04-09T00:05:08Z","timestamp":1649462708000},"page":"1-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Increased B Cell-Activating Factor Expression Is Associated with Postoperative Recurrence of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"given":"Fang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, The Third People\u2019s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9527-5207","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zhenhang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, The Third People\u2019s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, The Third People\u2019s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chong","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, The Third People\u2019s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3213-3599","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jianhui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, The Third People\u2019s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1800215"},{"key":"2","article-title":"Endotypes of chronic rhinosinusitis: relationships to disease phenotypes, pathogenesis, clinical findings, and treatment approaches","volume":"77","author":"A. 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